Vasundhara Vasudevan Rajalakshmi, Ramanathan Meena, Ghose Seteesh, Bhavanani Ananda Balayogi
School of Yoga Therapy, Institute of Salutogenesis and Complementary Medicine, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MGMCRI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India.
Int J Yoga. 2022 Sep-Dec;15(3):240-245. doi: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_151_22. Epub 2023 Jan 16.
Maternal stress responses play an important role in the etiology of fetal and maternal disorders other than biomedical risks. The surge of emergency evidence that yoga as adjuvant therapy can have significant beneficial effects in the prenatal period and in the fetus.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of Pranava Pranayama on maternal and fetal cardiovascular parameters.
Three-way cross-over study was done on 3 consecutive days in 60 pregnant women (3 trimester) with 10 min of breath awareness, listening to OM, and performing Pranava Pranayama. Maternal heart rate (MHR) and systolic and diastolic pressures were measured before and after each session, and cardiovascular indices were derived with formulae. Fetal heart rate (FHR) was obtained from nonstress test tracing. Data were assessed using GraphPad InStat version 3.06. Student's -test was used for intragroup comparisons while repeated measured ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests were done for intergroup comparison.
Significant changes ( < 0.001) were found in MHR and FHR immediately after all three interventions. Delta% changes showed the greatest fall in MHR ( = 0.03) after Pranava as compared to the other two while in FHR, both OM group and Pranava were significant ( < 0.001).
There were significant changes found in MHR, FHR, and cardiovascular responses rate-pressure product and double product after a single session of intervention. Yogic breathing techniques Pranava may enhance cardiovascular hemodynamics of the maternal-fetal unit. Reduction in maternal and fetal cardiovascular parameters attributed to reduced sympathetic activity coupled with enhanced vagal parasympathetic tone. Such changes in cardiac autonomic status may enhance placental circulation and lead to healthier fetal development.
除生物医学风险外，母体应激反应在胎儿和母体疾病的病因学中起着重要作用。大量紧急证据表明，瑜伽作为辅助疗法在孕期和胎儿方面可产生显著的有益效果。
本研究旨在评估语音冥想（Pranava Pranayama）对母体和胎儿心血管参数的即时影响。
对60名孕晚期孕妇连续3天进行三交叉研究，每次干预包括10分钟的呼吸觉察、聆听唵音（OM）以及进行语音冥想。在每次干预前后测量母体心率（MHR）、收缩压和舒张压，并根据公式得出心血管指数。通过无应激试验描记图获取胎儿心率（FHR）。使用GraphPad InStat 3.06版本评估数据。组内比较采用学生t检验，组间比较采用重复测量方差分析及Tukey-Kramer多重比较检验。
在所有三种干预后，MHR和FHR立即出现显著变化（P<0.001）。与其他两种干预相比，语音冥想后MHR的变化百分比下降幅度最大（P = 0.03），而在FHR方面，OM组和语音冥想组均有显著变化（P<0.001）。
单次干预后，MHR、FHR以及心血管反应率压乘积和双乘积均出现显著变化。瑜伽呼吸技巧语音冥想可能会增强母婴单元的心血管血液动力学。母体和胎儿心血管参数的降低归因于交感神经活动减少以及迷走神经副交感神经张力增强。心脏自主神经状态的这种变化可能会增强胎盘循环并促进胎儿更健康地发育。
