Jiyenze Mwandu K, Sirili Nathanael, Ngocho James S, Kikula Amani, Chikoti Beatus, Kapologwe Ntuli, Kengia James T
Centre for Educational Development in Health Arusha (CEDHA) Arusha Tanzania.
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) Dar es Salaam Tanzania.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 20;6(3):e1158. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1158. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Effective management, leadership, and governance (MLG) contribute to improved population health outcomes. However, weak management, leadership, and governance capacity continue to haunt many health systems in low- and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Capacity strengthening through training of health system managers is among the strategies to address the latter challenge. However, the actual needs for MLG training remain unestablished in many LMICs. The main objective of this study was to assess the training needs for MLG among health managers in Tanzania Mainland.
We employed a mixed methods approach and convergent mixed methods study design to establish MLG training needs among health managers. In March 2019, quantitative data were collected by administering a questionnaire to a quantitative sample of 156 health managers working in 14 councils and seven regions. We used semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data from a qualitative sample of 35 health managers. We used descriptive statistical technique and thematic analysis to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.
The main findings of this study show that: 152 (97%) health managers and all 35 interviewees said that there was a need for training health managers on MLG; 31 out of the 33 proposed MLG competencies were rated as important by the health managers; and a list of 35 general topics and 19 priority topics were suggested by the health managers for inclusion in future MLG training.
Our research has generated useful empirical evidence indicating the needs for training health managers on MLG in terms of expressed needs, important competencies, and topics. Policymakers and training developers should use the evidence to develop training programs to address identified needs. Future training needs studies on management and leadership should use observational and diary methods to collect data on the competencies of health managers.
有效的管理、领导与治理（MLG）有助于改善人群健康状况。然而，管理、领导与治理能力薄弱问题仍困扰着许多低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）的卫生系统。通过培训卫生系统管理人员来加强能力是应对后一挑战的策略之一。然而，许多低收入和中等收入国家对MLG培训的实际需求仍未明确。本研究的主要目的是评估坦桑尼亚大陆卫生管理人员对MLG培训的需求。
我们采用混合方法和收敛性混合方法研究设计来确定卫生管理人员对MLG培训的需求。2019年3月，通过向14个理事会和7个地区的156名卫生管理人员定量样本发放问卷收集定量数据。我们使用半结构化访谈从35名卫生管理人员定性样本中收集定性数据。我们分别使用描述性统计技术和主题分析来分析定量和定性数据。
本研究的主要结果表明：152名（97%）卫生管理人员和所有35名受访者表示有必要对卫生管理人员进行MLG培训；33项提议的MLG能力中有31项被卫生管理人员评为重要；卫生管理人员提出了一份包含35个一般主题和19个优先主题的清单，以供纳入未来的MLG培训。
我们的研究产生了有用的实证证据，表明在表达的需求、重要能力和主题方面对卫生管理人员进行MLG培训的必要性。政策制定者和培训开发者应利用这些证据来制定培训计划，以满足已确定的需求。未来关于管理和领导的培训需求研究应使用观察法和日记法来收集卫生管理人员能力的数据。
