Gbolu Samson, Appiah-Brempong Emmanuel, Okyere Paul, Vampere Hasehni, Obeng Nyarko Gloria, Mensah Kofi Akohene
Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah Uuiversity of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Health Policy, Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah Uuiversity of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.
Health Psychol Behav Med. 2023 Mar 15;11(1):2185620. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2185620. eCollection 2023.
Hand hygiene practise is an effective school-based measure for infectious disease prevention, especially in developing countries. School children model their behaviour through the observation of significant others, including teachers. However, little is known about the handwashing behaviour and factors influencing the handwashing practises of teachers at the primary school level in Ghana. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 214 primary school teachers, recruited by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire which were designed based on selected constructs in the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Health Belief Model. Data analyses was done with the aid of STATA software, version 14.0. To identify determinants of hand washing with soap (HWWS) among participants, correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The participants' mean SD age was 34.7 7.6 years, ranging from 20 to 51 years. The majority were males (87.9%). The majority (84.0% and 86.0%) of the teachers, respectively, reported HWWS practises after using the toilet and before eating with bare hands. A correlation was found between reported HWWS practise and toilet use ( = 0.64; = 0.001) and eating with bare hands ( = 0.84; = 0.001). A multiple linear regression analysis found that knowledge ( = 0.001), attitude toward HWWS ( = 0.002), and teachers' perception of the severity of diarrhoea ( = 0.009) were determinants of teachers' reported HWWS behaviours. Teachers' perceptions of their susceptibility to and severity of diarrhoea, and their knowledge and attitude towards HWWS at critical times should be focus areas for handwashing programmes to achieve the desired outcomes.
手部卫生习惯是一项有效的学校层面传染病预防措施，在发展中国家尤其如此。学童通过观察包括教师在内的重要他人来模仿自己的行为。然而，对于加纳小学教师的洗手行为以及影响其洗手习惯的因素，我们知之甚少。本研究采用便利抽样法，对214名小学教师进行了一项定量横断面研究。通过基于计划行为理论和健康信念模型中选定结构设计的结构化问卷收集数据。借助STATA 14.0软件进行数据分析。为了确定参与者中使用肥皂洗手（HWWS）的决定因素，采用了相关性分析和多元线性回归分析。参与者的平均年龄为34.7±7.6岁，年龄范围在20至51岁之间。大多数为男性（87.9%）。大多数教师（分别为84.0%和86.0%）报告在使用厕所后和徒手进食前有HWWS习惯。报告的HWWS习惯与使用厕所（r = 0.64；p = 0.001）和徒手进食（r = 0.84；p = 0.001）之间存在相关性。多元线性回归分析发现，知识（p = 0.001）、对HWWS的态度（p = 0.002）以及教师对腹泻严重程度的认知（p = 0.009）是教师报告的HWWS行为的决定因素。教师对自身腹泻易感性和严重程度的认知，以及他们在关键时期对HWWS的知识和态度，应成为洗手计划的重点关注领域，以实现预期效果。
