Babalola Bukola Joseph, Ayodele Olusoji Oluremi, Olubambi Peter Apata
Centre for Nanomechanics and Tribocorrosion, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2023 Feb 25;9(3):e14070. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14070. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Nanostructured materials (NsM) are typical materials with structural length scales of one, two, or three dimensions in the range of 1-100 nm. In the development of NsM, the microstructure of a material, which is an integral factor in determining the intrinsic performance of a material, is susceptible to changes that may hinder the desired nano-state properties under different processing routes and associated varying processing parameters. NsM exhibits distinct superior properties when compared to conventional coarse-structured materials. They exhibit distinct and rapid development during production due to their unique surface area, which requires concise control measures over coarse materials. These promising excellent properties of nanocrystalline materials have caught the attention of material scientists and engineers towards their developments. In order to exploit the abundance of excellent properties of NsM, investigations on the processing-structure-property correlations have been employed in recent years to understand their complications and subsequent development of novel materials. This review aims to understand the sintering of nanomaterials, with a clear focus on the spark plasma sintering technique and its associated sintering parameters, bordering on intricate issues on densification, coarsening of particles, and grain growth.
纳米结构材料（NsM）是典型的材料，其结构长度尺度在1至100纳米范围内的一维、二维或三维。在纳米结构材料的开发过程中，材料的微观结构是决定材料固有性能的一个不可或缺的因素，它容易发生变化，这可能会在不同的加工路线和相关的变化加工参数下阻碍所需的纳米态性能。与传统的粗结构材料相比，纳米结构材料具有明显的优越性能。由于其独特的表面积，它们在生产过程中表现出明显且快速的发展，这需要对粗材料采取精确的控制措施。纳米晶体材料这些有前景的优异性能已引起材料科学家和工程师对其开发的关注。为了利用纳米结构材料丰富的优异性能，近年来人们对加工-结构-性能相关性进行了研究，以了解其复杂性并随后开发新型材料。本综述旨在了解纳米材料的烧结，特别关注放电等离子烧结技术及其相关的烧结参数，涉及致密化、颗粒粗化和晶粒生长等复杂问题。
