NADSYN1 相关的 VCRL 综合征的临床异质性。

Clinical heterogeneity of NADSYN1-associated VCRL syndrome.

机构信息

Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, RESTORE, INSERM U1301, Toulouse, France.

出版信息

Clin Genet. 2023 Jul;104(1):114-120. doi: 10.1111/cge.14328. Epub 2023 Mar 23.

Abstract

The NADSYN1 gene [MIM*608285] encodes the NAD synthetase 1 enzyme involved in the final step of NAD biosynthesis, crucial for cell metabolism and organ embryogenesis. Perturbating the role of NAD biosynthesis results in the association of vertebral, cardiac, renal, and limb anomalies (VCRL). This condition was initially characterized as severe with perinatal lethality or developmental delay and complex malformations in alive cases. Sixteen NADSYN1-associated patients have been published so far. This study illustrates the wide phenotypic variability in NADSYN1-associated NAD deficiency disorder. We report the clinical and molecular findings in three novel cases, two of them being siblings with the same homozygous variant and presenting with either a very severe prenatal lethal or a mild phenotypic form. In addition to an exhaustive literature, we validate the expansion of the spectrum of NAD deficiency disorder. Our findings indicate that NAD deficiency disorder should be suspected not only in the presence of the full spectrum of VCRL, but even a single of the aforementioned organs is affected. Decreased plasmatic levels of NAD should then strongly encourage the screening for any of the genes responsible for a NAD deficiency disorder.

摘要

NADSYN1 基因 [MIM*608285] 编码 NAD 合成酶 1 酶,该酶参与 NAD 生物合成的最后一步,对细胞代谢和器官胚胎发生至关重要。干扰 NAD 生物合成的作用会导致椎体、心脏、肾脏和肢体异常 (VCRL) 的发生。这种情况最初的特征是严重的,具有围产期致死性或发育延迟,以及存活病例的复杂畸形。到目前为止,已经发表了 16 例与 NADSYN1 相关的患者。本研究说明了 NADSYN1 相关 NAD 缺乏症的广泛表型变异性。我们报告了三个新病例的临床和分子发现,其中两个是具有相同纯合变异的同胞,表现为极严重的产前致死性或轻度表型。除了详尽的文献综述外,我们还验证了 NAD 缺乏症谱的扩展。我们的研究结果表明,不仅在存在 VCRL 全谱的情况下,而且即使仅一个上述器官受到影响,也应怀疑 NAD 缺乏症。血浆 NAD 水平降低应强烈鼓励对任何导致 NAD 缺乏症的基因进行筛查。

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