Department of Psychology, University of North Texas.
Psychol Assess. 2023 Apr;35(4):300-310. doi: 10.1037/pas0001207.
Two of the most commonly used psychosis screening measures are the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B) and the Youth Psychosis at Risk Questionnaire-Brief (YPARQ-B). Both scales have considerable support for the reliability and validity of their scores for use with English- and Spanish-speaking participants, with measurement equivalence established across a subset of demographic characteristics. However, measurement invariance has not been examined across several important demographic variables, including native language, language of the scales used with Hispanic participants, education, occupation, income, birth country, and generation status. In the present study, (N = 1,191) measurement invariance was examined for each of these variables across three samples (ns = 505, 714, and 126). The PQ-B total scores and YPARQ-B were found to demonstrate configural and scalar invariance, while PQ-B Distress scores displayed configural, metric, and scalar invariance across most tested demographic variables. Psychosis scores were associated with social determinants of health (SDoH) including major and everyday experiences of discrimination, food insecurity, financial insecurity, acculturation, and ethnic identity. The associations between psychosis and SDoH were mostly consistent across groups. Compared to White-non-Hispanic participants, Hispanic participants had higher scores on all psychosis measures and tended to have higher scores on discrimination, food and housing insecurity, affirmation aspects of ethnic identity, and acculturative stress. Despite differences in psychosis levels, the groups did not differ in history of treatment. Overall, these results provide strong evidence that the PQ-B and YPARQ provide equivalent, nonbiased, valid, and reliable scores in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic participants in both English and Spanish. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
两种最常用的精神病筛查量表是前驱期问卷-简短版（PQ-B）和青年精神病风险问卷-简短版（YPARQ-B）。这两个量表都得到了相当多的支持，证明其分数的可靠性和有效性适用于英语和西班牙语使用者，并且在一部分人口统计学特征上建立了测量等效性。然而，在一些重要的人口统计学变量上，如母语、西班牙语使用者使用的量表的语言、教育、职业、收入、出生国家和代际地位，尚未对测量不变性进行检验。在本研究中，（N=1191）在三个样本（ns=505、714 和 126）中对这些变量中的每一个进行了测量不变性检验。PQ-B 总分和 YPARQ-B 被发现具有构形和标度不变性，而 PQ-B 痛苦得分在大多数测试的人口统计学变量上显示出构形、度量和标度不变性。精神病得分与健康的社会决定因素（SDoH）有关，包括重大和日常的歧视经历、食物无保障、经济无保障、文化适应和种族认同。精神病与 SDoH 之间的关联在大多数群体中是一致的。与白人非西班牙裔参与者相比，西班牙裔参与者在所有精神病测量上的得分都更高，并且在歧视、食物和住房不安全、种族认同的肯定方面以及文化适应压力方面的得分往往更高。尽管精神病水平存在差异，但两组在治疗史方面没有差异。总体而言，这些结果提供了强有力的证据，表明 PQ-B 和 YPARQ 在西班牙语和英语使用者中，为西班牙裔和非西班牙裔参与者提供了等效、无偏差、有效和可靠的分数。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
