Andreas Stefan, Kotz Daniel, Batra Anil, Hellmann Andreas, Mühlig Stephan, Nowak Dennis, Schultz Konrad, Worth Heinrich, Schüler Sabine
Lungenfachklinik Immenhausen; Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL).
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin (ifam), Schwerpunkt Suchtforschung und klinische Epidemiologie, Centre for Health and Society (chs), Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
Pneumologie. 2023 Apr;77(4):206-219. doi: 10.1055/a-2020-4284. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
Tobacco dependence is a common comorbidity in patients with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) that negatively affects the course of the disease. However, clinically relevant improvement in COPD can only be achieved by complete and permanent abstinence. Therefore, abstinence from tobacco use is a central therapeutic concept in smoking patients with COPD and requires specific and targeted treatment.After detailed documentation of smoking behaviour and motivational counseling outlining the risks of smoking, all such patients shall be offered a structured therapy for tobacco cessation. There is high-quality evidence for the effectiveness of a combination therapy of behavioral therapy and medication (to treat the withdrawal syndrome). Due to insufficient data, there is currently no recommendation for the use of e-cigarettes as a primary option for a cessation attempt.Smoking is the most important cause of COPD. Smoking cessation is the most effective and cost-efficient single intervention to reduce the risk of developing and progressing COPD.
烟草依赖是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者中常见的合并症，对疾病进程产生负面影响。然而，只有通过完全且永久戒烟才能在临床上实现COPD的相关改善。因此，戒烟是吸烟的COPD患者的核心治疗理念，需要特定且有针对性的治疗。在详细记录吸烟行为并进行动机咨询以概述吸烟风险后，应为所有此类患者提供结构化的戒烟治疗。有高质量证据表明行为疗法和药物联合治疗（用于治疗戒断综合征）是有效的。由于数据不足，目前不建议将电子烟作为戒烟尝试的主要选择。吸烟是COPD最重要的病因。戒烟是降低COPD发生和进展风险最有效且最具成本效益的单一干预措施。
