Raspe Matthias, Lo Kevin, Sommer Natascha, Andreas Stefan
Fächerverbund für Infektiologie, Pneumologie und Intensivmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
Department für Pneumologie, Medizinische Klinik II, Excellence Cluster Cardio Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg (UKGM), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Aulweg 130, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland.
Inn Med (Heidelb). 2024 Apr;65(4):365-375. doi: 10.1007/s00108-024-01683-6. Epub 2024 Mar 6.
Tobacco smoking is widespread in Germany. An increase in the number of teenagers and young adults that smoke has recently been a cause for concern. The high prevalence in Germany is contrasted by inadequate preventive measures compared to international standards. Smoking behavior should always be inquired about and documented in the same way as vital signs. All smokers, regardless of the reason for contact and motivation, should receive short, low-threshold advice, e.g. using the ABC approach (ask, brief advice, cessation). In addition to repeated advice and referral to further services, the use of nicotine replacement or drug therapy is essential for the success of quitting. The combination of long- and short-acting nicotine replacement products doubles the success rate. Electronic nicotine delivery systems are not recommended for smoking cessation.
吸烟在德国很普遍。最近，青少年和青年吸烟者数量的增加令人担忧。与国际标准相比，德国预防措施不足，这与吸烟的高流行率形成反差。吸烟行为应始终像询问和记录生命体征一样进行询问和记录。所有吸烟者，无论接触原因和动机如何，都应接受简短、低门槛的建议，例如采用ABC方法（询问、简短建议、戒烟）。除了反复建议和转介到更多服务外，使用尼古丁替代疗法或药物治疗对于戒烟成功至关重要。长效和短效尼古丁替代产品联合使用可使成功率翻倍。不建议使用电子尼古丁传送系统来戒烟。
