Wu Shuo, Zhang Lijie, Zhang Ruidan, Yang Kang, Wei Qin, Jia Qiyu, Guo Jian, Ma Chuang
Department of Microrepair and Reconstruction, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Mar 7;11:1110703. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1110703. eCollection 2023.
In the clinical treatment of large bone defects, distraction osteogenesis can be used. However, some patients may suffer from poor bone regeneration, or even delayed healing or non-union. Problems with the aggregation and proliferation of primary osteoblasts, or problems with the differentiation of primary osteoblasts will lead to poor bone regeneration. Therefore, supplementing exogenous primary osteoblasts and growth factors when using distraction osteogenesis may be a treatment plan with great potential. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were extracted from rats and cultured. Subsequently, Recombinant Rat Platelet-derived Growth Factor BB (rrPDGF-BB) was used to induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. At the same time, male adult rats were selected to make the right femoral distraction osteogenesis model. During the mineralization period, phosphate buffer salt solution (control group), non-induction bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (group 1) and recombinant rat platelet-derived growth factor BB intervened bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (group 2) were injected into the distraction areas of each group. Then, the experimental results were evaluated with imaging and histology. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the difference was statistically significant if < 0.05. After intervention with recombinant rat platelet-derived growth factor BB on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the cell morphology changed into a thin strip. After the cells were injected in the mineralization period, the samples showed that the callus in group 2 had greater hardness and the color close to the normal bone tissue; X-ray examination showed that there were more new callus in the distraction space of group 2; Micro-CT examination showed that there were more new bone tissues in group 2; Micro-CT data at week eight showed that the tissue volume, bone volume, percent bone volume, bone trabecular thickness, bone trabecular number and bone mineral density in group 2 were the largest, and the bone trabecular separation in group 2 was the smallest. There was a statistical difference between the groups ( < 0.05); HE staining confirmed that group 2 formed more blood vessels and chondrocytes earlier than the control group. At 8 weeks, the bone marrow cavity of group 2 was obvious, and some of them had been fused. The study confirmed that injecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellsBB into the distraction space of rats can promote the formation of new bone in the distraction area and promote the healing of distraction osteogenesis.
在大骨缺损的临床治疗中，可以采用牵张成骨术。然而，一些患者可能会出现骨再生不良的情况，甚至延迟愈合或不愈合。原代成骨细胞的聚集和增殖问题，或原代成骨细胞的分化问题会导致骨再生不良。因此，在使用牵张成骨术时补充外源性原代成骨细胞和生长因子可能是一个具有巨大潜力的治疗方案。从大鼠中提取骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）并进行培养。随后，使用重组大鼠血小板衍生生长因子BB（rrPDGF-BB）诱导骨髓间充质干细胞。同时，选择成年雄性大鼠制作右侧股骨牵张成骨模型。在矿化期，将磷酸盐缓冲盐溶液（对照组）、未诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞（第1组）和重组大鼠血小板衍生生长因子BB干预的骨髓间充质干细胞（第2组）注入每组的牵张区域。然后，通过影像学和组织学对实验结果进行评估。数据的统计分析表明，如果<0.05，则差异具有统计学意义。用重组大鼠血小板衍生生长因子BB对骨髓间充质干细胞进行干预后，细胞形态变为细条状。在矿化期将细胞注射后，样本显示第2组的骨痂硬度更大，颜色接近正常骨组织；X线检查显示第2组牵张间隙中的新生骨痂更多；显微CT检查显示第2组的新骨组织更多；第8周的显微CT数据显示，第2组的组织体积、骨体积、骨体积百分比、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁数量和骨密度最大，第2组的骨小梁间距最小。各组之间存在统计学差异（<0.05）；苏木精-伊红染色证实，第2组比对照组更早形成更多的血管和软骨细胞。在8周时，第2组的骨髓腔明显，其中一些已经融合。该研究证实，将骨髓间充质干细胞BB注入大鼠的牵张间隙可促进牵张区域新骨的形成，促进牵张成骨的愈合。
