Ndayizigiye Melino, Allan-Blitz Lao-Tzu, Dally Emily, Abebe Seyfu, Andom Afom, Tlali Retsepile, Gingras Emily, Mokoena Mathabang, Msuya Meba, Nkundanyirazo Patrick, Mohlouoa Thiane, Mosebo Fusi, Motsamai Sophie, Mabathoana Joalane, Chetane Palesa, Ntlamelle Likhapha, Curtain Joel, Whelley Collin, Birru Ermyas, McBain Ryan, Andrea Di Miceli, Schwarz Dan, Mukherjee Joia S
Partners In Health, Maseru, Lesotho.
Division of Global Health Equity: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2022 Nov 16;2(11):e0000985. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000985. eCollection 2022.
In 2014 the Kingdom of Lesotho, in conjunction with Partners In Health, launched a National Health Reform with three components: 1) improved supply-side inputs based on disease burden in the catchment area of each of 70 public primary care clinics, 2) decentralization of health managerial capacity to the district level, and 3) demand-side interventions including paid village health workers. We assessed changes in the quarterly average of quality metrics from pre-National Health Reform in 2013 to 2017, which included number of women attending their first antenatal care visit, number of post-natal care visits attended, number of children fully immunized at one year of age, number of HIV tests performed, number of HIV infection cases diagnosed, and the availability of essential health commodities. The number of health centers adequately equipped to provide a facility-based delivery increased from 3% to 95% with an associated increase in facility-based deliveries from 2% to 33%. The number of women attending their first antenatal and postnatal care visits rose from 1,877 to 2,729, and 1,908 to 2,241, respectively. The number of children fully immunized at one year of life increased from 191 to 294. The number of HIV tests performed increased from 5,163 to 12,210, with the proportion of patients living with HIV lost to follow-up falling from 27% to 22%. By the end of the observation period, the availability of essential health commodities increased to 90% or above. Four years after implementation of the National Health Reform, we observed increases in antenatal and post-natal care, and facility-based deliveries, as well as child immunization, and HIV testing and retention in care. Improved access to and utilization of primary care services are important steps toward improving health outcomes, but additional longitudinal follow-up of the reform districts will be needed.
2014年,莱索托王国与健康伙伴组织联合发起了一项国家卫生改革,该改革包含三个组成部分:1)根据70家公立基层医疗诊所各自服务区域内的疾病负担,改善供应端投入;2)将卫生管理能力下放至地区层面;3)需求端干预措施,包括为乡村卫生工作者提供薪酬。我们评估了从2013年国家卫生改革前到2017年质量指标季度平均值的变化,这些指标包括首次进行产前检查的妇女数量、产后护理就诊次数、一岁儿童完全免疫接种数量、进行的艾滋病毒检测数量、确诊的艾滋病毒感染病例数量以及基本卫生用品的可获得性。具备设施分娩条件的卫生中心数量从3%增至95%,同时设施分娩率从2%增至33%。首次进行产前检查和产后护理就诊的妇女数量分别从1877人增至2729人,以及从1908人增至2241人。一岁儿童完全免疫接种数量从191人增至294人。进行的艾滋病毒检测数量从5163次增至12210次,艾滋病毒感染者失访比例从27%降至22%。到观察期结束时,基本卫生用品的可获得性提高到了90%及以上。国家卫生改革实施四年后,我们观察到产前和产后护理、设施分娩、儿童免疫接种以及艾滋病毒检测和护理留存率均有所提高。改善初级保健服务的可及性和利用率是改善健康结果的重要步骤,但还需要对改革地区进行额外的纵向随访。