Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Department of Social Policy & Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Injury Prevention Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Am J Prev Med. 2023 Oct;65(4):716-720. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.03.015. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
Despite promising reductions in mortality from infectious diseases, premature death is a still major public health problem in Brazil. However, little is known about which diseases and injury mechanisms are the main causes of premature death. This paper aimed to detail the trends in leading causes of death among children and adolescents in Brazil.
Data were extracted from medical death certificates from the Brazilian Mortality Information System for children and adolescents aged 1-19 years for 2000-2020. The 10 leading causes of death for children and adolescents were defined using primary cause of death codes, grouped by death for diseases and mechanism for injury, according to the ICD-10. All analyses were completed in 2022.
From 2000 through 2020, there was a total of 772,729 child and adolescent deaths in Brazil. Despite an overall 34% reduction in child and adolescent mortality from 2000 to 2020, improvements were less pronounced for injury-related deaths than for communicable diseases. Therefore, by 2020, over half of deaths were from injury-related causes. Firearm-related injury was by far the leading cause, accounting for 21% of all deaths. There was a 38% reduction in firearm deaths in the last 4 years against a previously increasing trend, and homicide accounted for over 90% of all firearm deaths because suicide by firearm was rare.
Injury-related deaths among children and adolescents are a growing concern in Brazil, and firearms are the current leading cause of child and adolescent death.
尽管传染病导致的死亡率有所下降，但过早死亡仍然是巴西的一个主要公共卫生问题。然而，人们对哪些疾病和损伤机制是导致过早死亡的主要原因知之甚少。本文旨在详细介绍巴西儿童和青少年主要死亡原因的趋势。
数据取自巴西儿童和青少年死因信息系统（2000-2020 年）中 1-19 岁儿童和青少年的医疗死亡证明。使用主要死因代码定义了儿童和青少年的 10 大死因，按疾病和损伤机制分类，根据 ICD-10 进行分组。所有分析均于 2022 年完成。
2000 年至 2020 年期间，巴西共有 772729 名儿童和青少年死亡。尽管 2000 年至 2020 年期间儿童和青少年的死亡率总体下降了 34%，但与传染病相关的死亡率的改善不如损伤相关的死亡率显著。因此，到 2020 年，超过一半的死亡是由损伤相关原因造成的。与枪支有关的损伤是迄今为止的主要原因，占所有死亡的 21%。在过去的 4 年中，枪支导致的死亡人数减少了 38%，此前一直呈上升趋势，而凶杀占所有枪支死亡的 90%以上，因为很少有自杀性枪支致死。
巴西儿童和青少年的损伤相关死亡是一个日益严重的问题，枪支是目前导致儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因。
