Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko Minami, Higashi-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Mar 24;23(1):205. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05519-3.
Various stressors exists for pregnant women worldwide, especially negative social and environmental influences that can increase the number of high-risk pregnant women. These may cause a difficult transition to parenthood for women and their partners. However, limited studies have focused on and examined parenthood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the changes in parenthood from pregnancy to post-discharge after childbirth among high-risk pregnant women and their partners, as well as the presence or absence of gender differences and the factors associated with parenthood.
This longitudinal quantitative study used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire distributed among 127 pregnant women and their partners who visited a high-risk pregnant outpatient clinic. The Scale of Early Childrearing Parenthood (SECP; three subareas, 33 items) was administered thrice: during pregnancy (T1), after childbirth (T2), and after discharge (T3).
The analysis included 85 T1 (37 fathers and 48 mothers), 36 T2 (13 fathers and 23 mothers), and 31 T3 (11 fathers and 20 mothers) responses. There was a significant increase in the SECP scores for both parents from T1 to T3. Mothers had a greater increase in the SECP scores from T1 to T2 than fathers. In addition, fathers' mean SECP scores at T1 and T2 were higher compared with those of the mothers. Mothers' and fathers' SECP scores at each time point showed no significant differences. At all time points, the SECP scores were commonly and significantly associated with infertility treatment, physical and mental condition, postpartum depression at T2, and parenting stress at T3.
Because parenthood in the infertility treatment group was significantly higher throughout the series, we need to support such couples so that childbirth does not become their main goal. We suggest interventions for factors that impede parenthood development, understand the various backgrounds of the parents, and support the couple individually while also considering them as a unit.
世界各地的孕妇都面临着各种压力，尤其是负面的社会和环境影响，这可能会增加高危孕妇的数量。这些因素可能会导致女性及其伴侣在为人父母的过程中感到困难。然而，目前很少有研究关注和检查为人父母的情况。因此，本研究旨在确定高危孕妇及其伴侣在怀孕到产后出院期间为人父母的变化，以及是否存在性别差异，以及与为人父母相关的因素。
本纵向定量研究使用自我管理的匿名问卷，对 127 名在高危孕妇门诊就诊的孕妇及其伴侣进行了调查。在三个时间点（T1 怀孕时、T2 产后、T3 出院后）共使用 33 个项目的儿童早期育儿亲职量表（SECP；三个子领域）进行了三次评估。
分析包括 85 名 T1（37 名父亲和 48 名母亲）、36 名 T2（13 名父亲和 23 名母亲）和 31 名 T3（11 名父亲和 20 名母亲）的应答者。父母双方的 SECP 评分从 T1 到 T3 均显著增加。母亲从 T1 到 T2 的 SECP 评分增加幅度大于父亲。此外，父亲在 T1 和 T2 的 SECP 平均得分均高于母亲。母亲和父亲在每个时间点的 SECP 得分均无显著差异。在所有时间点，SECP 得分与 T2 时的不孕治疗、身体和精神状况、产后抑郁和 T3 时的育儿压力普遍且显著相关。
因为在整个系列中，接受不孕治疗的组别的亲职得分显著更高，所以我们需要支持这些夫妇，使分娩不再成为他们的主要目标。我们建议针对阻碍亲职发展的因素进行干预，了解父母的各种背景，并在考虑到夫妇作为一个整体的同时，单独支持他们。
