Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool,United Kingdom.
Lawn Tennis Association, London,United Kingdom.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023 Mar 25;18(5):547-552. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0297. Print 2023 May 1.
An understanding of an athlete's total daily energy expenditure (TEE) is necessary to inform nutritional strategies, particularly where daily training and competitive demands are highly variable. This observational case series assessed the TEE of elite tennis players during high-level competition.
Senior female singles participants (FS: n = 3; 21 [1] y; ranked Women's Tennis Association [WTA] top 125-375), an FS junior (n = 1; 16 y; ranked WTA top 350), and a men's doubles player (n = 1; 26 y; ranked Association of Tennis Professionals [ATP] top 5) were assessed for TEE (using the doubly labeled water method) during a 9- to 14-day period, which included training, Wimbledon Championships, WTA/ATP International Tournaments, Junior/Senior International Tennis Federation, and Wimbledon Junior Championships. One female (FS3) did not exercise from day 4 following injury.
TEE for men's doubles was 4586 kcal·d-1 (67 kcal·kg-1 fat-free mass [FFM]; daily activity 98 [74] min). Noninjured adult female participants' TEEs were 3396 and 3948 kcal·d-1 (66 and 81 kcal·kg-1 FFM; daily activity durations were 139 [84] min and 150 [66] min, respectively), while TEE for the injured athlete was 2583 kcal·d-1 (45.7 kcal·kg-1; daily nonexercise activity duration was <45 min). The junior player TEE was 3988 kcal·d-1 (78.2 kcal·kg-1 FFM; daily activity of 131 [66] min).
This observational case series positions tennis as a highly energetically demanding sport with variability evident between individuals (ie, TEE between 60 and 90 kcal·kg-1 FFM). Accordingly, nutritional strategies that promote sufficient energy availability should be emphasized with individual variability suitably assessed prior to prescription.
了解运动员的总能量消耗（TEE）对于营养策略至关重要，特别是在日常训练和比赛需求高度变化的情况下。本观察性病例系列评估了高水平比赛中优秀网球运动员的 TEE。
评估了 3 名成年女单选手（FS：n = 3；21 岁；WTA 排名前 125-375）、1 名成年男单选手（n = 1；26 岁；ATP 排名前 5）和 1 名男单选手（n = 1；16 岁；WTA 排名前 350）在 9-14 天期间的 TEE（使用双标记水法），包括训练、温布尔登锦标赛、WTA/ATP 国际巡回赛、青少年/成年国际网球联合会和温布尔登青少年锦标赛。有一名女性（FS3）在受伤后第四天就停止了运动。
男子双打运动员的 TEE 为 4586kcal·d-1（67kcal·kg-1 去脂体重[FFM]；每日活动 98[74]min）。未受伤的成年女运动员的 TEE 分别为 3396 和 3948kcal·d-1（66 和 81kcal·kg-1 FFM；每日活动时间分别为 139[84]min 和 150[66]min），而受伤运动员的 TEE 为 2583kcal·d-1（45.7kcal·kg-1；每日非运动活动时间<45min）。青少年运动员的 TEE 为 3988kcal·d-1（78.2kcal·kg-1 FFM；每日活动时间 131[66]min）。
本观察性病例系列表明网球是一项能量需求极高的运动，个体之间存在差异（即 TEE 范围在 60-90kcal·kg-1 FFM 之间）。因此，应强调促进充足能量供应的营养策略，并在开具处方前适当评估个体差异。
