Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
REDs, Research & Expertise in anti-Doping sciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023 Mar 25;18(5):553-556. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0422. Print 2023 May 1.
To optimize the recovery phase between heats in ski-mountaineering sprint competitions, this study investigated whether an active recovery protocol on an ergocycle could improve subsequent performance compared with a self-selected recovery strategy.
Thirteen elite ski mountaineers (9 men and 4 women) performed 3 sprints with 2 different recovery conditions (Ergo vs Free) in a randomized order. The Ergo condition involved a 10-minute constant-intensity exercise on an ergocycle performed at 70% of maximum heart rate. For the Free condition, the athlete was asked to self-select modality. At the end of the third sprint, a passive recovery (seated) was prescribed for both protocols. Sprint performance (time) and physiological parameters (lactate concentration [La], heart rate [HR], and rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) were recorded from each sprint and recovery phase.
In the Ergo vs Free protocols, sprint times (177 [24] s vs 176 [23] s; P = .63), recovery average HR (70% [2.9%] vs 71% [5.2%] of maximal HR), and RPE (16.7 [1.5] vs 16.8 [1.5]; P = .81) were not significantly different. However, [La] decreased more after Ergo (-2.9 [1.8] mmol·L-1) and Free (-2.8 [1.8] mmol·L-1) conditions compared with passive recovery (-1.1 [1.6] mmol·L-1; P < .05).
The use of an ergocycle between heat sprints in ski mountaineering does not provide additional benefits compared with a recovery strategy freely chosen by the athletes. However, active conditions provide a faster [La] reduction compared with passive recovery and seem to be a more suitable strategy between multiple-heat sprints.
为了优化滑雪登山冲刺比赛中各轮次之间的恢复期，本研究旨在探究相较于运动员自主选择的恢复策略，在功率自行车上进行主动恢复能否提高随后的运动表现。
13 名精英滑雪登山运动员（9 男 4 女）以随机顺序在 2 种不同的恢复条件（功率自行车组和自主选择组）下完成 3 次冲刺。在功率自行车组，运动员以 70%最大心率进行 10 分钟的等强度自行车运动。自主选择组中，运动员自主选择恢复方式。在第 3 次冲刺结束后，2 种方案都采用被动恢复（坐姿）。记录每次冲刺和恢复期的冲刺表现（时间）和生理参数（血乳酸浓度[La]、心率[HR]和主观体力感觉等级[RPE]）。
在功率自行车组和自主选择组中，冲刺时间（177[24]s 比 176[23]s；P =.63）、恢复平均 HR（70%[2.9%]比 71%[5.2%]最大 HR）和 RPE（16.7[1.5]比 16.8[1.5]；P =.81）均无显著差异。然而，相较于被动恢复（-1.1[1.6]mmol·L-1），主动恢复（功率自行车组：-2.9[1.8]mmol·L-1；自主选择组：-2.8[1.8]mmol·L-1）能使[La]更快下降（P <.05）。
相较于运动员自主选择的恢复策略，在滑雪登山冲刺比赛中轮次之间使用功率自行车并没有带来额外的益处。然而，相较于被动恢复，主动恢复条件能使[La]更快下降，且在多轮次冲刺之间似乎是一种更合适的策略。
