Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 25;13(1):4910. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31972-3.
Optimal motor control that is stable and adaptable to perturbation is reflected in the temporal arrangement and regulation of gait variability. Load carriage and forced-marching are common military relevant perturbations to gait that have been implicated in the high incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in military populations. We investigated the interactive effects of load magnitude and locomotion pattern on motor variability, stride regulation and spatiotemporal complexity during gait in recruit-aged adults. We further investigated the influences of sex and task duration. Healthy adults executed trials of running and forced-marching with and without loads at 10% above their gait transition velocity. Spatiotemporal parameters were analyzed using a goal equivalent manifold approach. With load and forced-marching, individuals used a greater array of motor solutions to execute the task goal (maintain velocity). Stride-to-stride regulation became stricter as the task progressed. Participants exhibited optimal spatiotemporal complexity with significant but not meaningful differences between sexes. With the introduction of load carriage and forced-marching, individuals relied on a strategy that maximizes and regulates motor solutions that achieve the task goal of velocity specifically but compete with other task functions. The appended cost penalties may have deleterious effects during prolonged execution, potentially increasing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.
优化的运动控制,即稳定且能适应扰动的运动控制,反映在步态变化的时间安排和调节上。在与步态相关的常见军事扰动中,负重和强制行军被认为是导致军事人群肌肉骨骼损伤高发的原因。我们研究了负重大小和运动模式对年轻成年人步态中运动变异性、步幅调节和时空复杂性的交互影响。我们还研究了性别和任务持续时间的影响。健康成年人在步态转换速度的 10%以上执行跑步和强制行军的试验,有无负载。使用目标等效流形方法分析时空参数。在有负载和强制行军的情况下,个体使用更多的运动解决方案来执行任务目标(保持速度)。随着任务的进行,步长间的调节变得更加严格。参与者表现出最佳的时空复杂性,性别之间存在显著但无意义的差异。随着负载和强制行军的引入,个体依赖于一种策略,该策略最大限度地利用和调节实现速度任务目标的运动解决方案,特别是与其他任务功能竞争。附加的成本惩罚可能会在长时间执行过程中产生有害影响,从而增加肌肉骨骼损伤的风险。