Zhang Jiye, Huang Ying, Pei Youjun, Wang Yuyang, Li Mingwan, Chen Huihui, Liang Xuefang, Martyniuk Christopher J
Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Environ Int. 2023 Apr;174:107896. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107896. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are emerging pollutants that are widely detected in aquatic ecosystems. While structure-dependent effects of BUVSs are reported, the relationship between biotransformation and toxicity outcomes remains unclear. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to two common BUVSs (UV-234 and UV-326) at 1, 10, and 100 µg/L for up to 7 days. Comparison of their uptake and biotransformation revealed that the bioaccumulation capacity of UV-234 was higher than that of UV-326, while UV-326 was more extensively biotransformed with additional conjugation reactions. However, UV-326 showed low metabolism due to inhibited phase II enzymes, which may result in the comparable internal concentrations of both BUVSs in larval zebrafish. Both BUVSs induced oxidative stress while decreased MDA, suggesting the disturbance of lipid metabolism. The subsequent metabolomic profiling revealed that UV-234 and UV-326 exerted different effects on arachidonic acid, lipid, and energy metabolism. However, both BUVSs negatively impacted the cyclic guanosine monophosphate / protein kinase G pathway. This converged metabolic change resulted in comparable toxicity of UV-234 and UV-326, which was confirmed by the induction of downstream apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and abnormal locomotion behavior. These data have important implications for understanding the metabolism, disposition, and toxicology of BUVSs in aquatic organisms.
苯并三唑类紫外线稳定剂（BUVSs）是一类新兴污染物，在水生生态系统中广泛被检测到。虽然已有关于BUVSs结构依赖性效应的报道，但生物转化与毒性结果之间的关系仍不明确。在本研究中，斑马鱼胚胎暴露于两种常见的BUVSs（UV - 234和UV - 326），浓度分别为1、10和100μg/L，持续7天。对它们的摄取和生物转化进行比较后发现，UV - 234的生物累积能力高于UV - 326，而UV - 326通过额外的结合反应进行了更广泛的生物转化。然而，由于II相酶受到抑制，UV - 326的代谢较低，这可能导致斑马鱼幼体中两种BUVSs的体内浓度相当。两种BUVSs均诱导了氧化应激，同时降低了丙二醛含量，表明脂质代谢受到干扰。随后的代谢组学分析表明，UV - 234和UV - 326对花生四烯酸、脂质和能量代谢产生了不同影响。然而，两种BUVSs均对环磷酸鸟苷/蛋白激酶G途径产生负面影响。这种趋同的代谢变化导致UV - 234和UV - 326具有相当的毒性，下游凋亡、神经炎症和异常运动行为的诱导证实了这一点。这些数据对于理解BUVSs在水生生物中的代谢、分布和毒理学具有重要意义。
