Haddad Lilas, Wamain Yannick, Kalénine Solène
Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193-SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2024 Jan;77(1):29-41. doi: 10.1177/17470218231161310. Epub 2023 Mar 26.
When the size of visual objects matches the size of the response required to perform the task, a potentiation effect has been reported, with faster responses in compatible than incompatible situations. Size compatibility effects have been taken as evidence of close perception-action interrelations. However, it is still unclear whether the effect arises from abstract coding of the size of stimulus and response or from the evocation of grasp affordances from visual objects. We aimed to disentangle the two interpretations. Two groups of 40 young adults categorised small and large objects presented in standardised size as natural or artefact objects. One group categorised manipulable objects that may be associated with small or large size properties and evoke power or precision grasp affordances. The other group categorised non-manipulable objects that may only be associated with small or large size properties. Categorisation responses were made by reaching and grasping a monotonic cylindric device with a power or precision grip in a grasping condition and with large or small touch responses in a control condition. Compatibility effects were found in both grasping and control conditions, independently of the manipulability or category of objects. Participants were faster when the size of the expected response matched the size of the object than when they mismatched, especially for power grasps or whole-hand touch responses. Overall findings support the abstract coding hypothesis and suggest that compatibility between the conceptual size of the object and the size of the hand response is sufficient to facilitate semantic categorisation judgements.
当视觉物体的大小与执行任务所需的反应大小相匹配时，有报告称会出现一种增强效应，即在兼容情境下的反应比不兼容情境下更快。大小兼容性效应被视为感知与行动密切关联的证据。然而，这种效应究竟是源于对刺激和反应大小的抽象编码，还是源于视觉物体引发的抓握可供性，目前仍不清楚。我们旨在厘清这两种解释。两组各40名年轻人对以标准化大小呈现的小物体和大物体进行分类，判断它们是自然物体还是人造物体。一组对可能与小或大尺寸属性相关联并引发强力抓握或精准抓握可供性的可操纵物体进行分类。另一组对可能仅与小或大尺寸属性相关联的不可操纵物体进行分类。在抓握条件下，通过伸手并以强力或精准抓握方式握住一个单调的圆柱形装置来做出分类反应；在控制条件下，则通过大或小的触摸反应来做出分类反应。在抓握和控制条件下均发现了兼容性效应，且与物体的可操纵性或类别无关。当预期反应的大小与物体大小时，参与者的反应更快，而当两者不匹配时反应较慢，尤其是在强力抓握或全手触摸反应时。总体研究结果支持抽象编码假说，并表明物体的概念大小与手部反应大小之间的兼容性足以促进语义分类判断。
