Derbyshire Noreen, Ellis Rob, Tucker Mike
School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2006 May;122(1):74-98. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.10.004. Epub 2005 Dec 27.
Stimulus-Response Compatibility Effects have been reported for several components of the reach-to-grasp action during visual object recognition [Tucker, M., & Ellis, R. (1998). On the relations between seen objects and components of potential actions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 830-846; Ellis, R., & Tucker, M. (2000). Micro-affordance: The potentiation of actions by seen objects. British Journal of Psychology, 91, 451-471; Tucker, M., & Ellis, R. (2001). The potentiation of grasp types during visual object categorization. Visual Cognition, 8, 769-800; Creem, S. H., & Proffitt, D. R. (2001). Grasping objects by their handles: A necessary interaction between cognition and action. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 218-228; Craighero, L. Bello, A. Fadiga, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (2002). Hand action preparation influences the responses to hand pictures. Neuropsychologia, 40, 492-502]. The present study investigates compatibility effects for two elements of reach-to-grasp action during the visual mental imagery of objects-the compatibility of an object for grasping with a power and precision grasp, and the orientation of an object (left/right) for grasping by a particular hand (left/right). Experiment 1 provides further evidence for compatibility effects of a 'seen' object for grasping with a power and precision grasp. The experiment shows that compatibility effects are obtainable when an object is presented in an array of four objects and not just on its own. Experiment 2 provides evidence that compatibility effects of an object for grasping with a power and precision grasp can also be observed when participants make an action response to an object 700 ms after it has been removed from view. Experiment 3 investigates compatibility effects for the orientation of an object for grasping by a particular hand during visual mental imagery, but finds no evidence for such effects. The findings are discussed in relation to two arguments put forward to reconcile ecological and representational theories of visual object recognition.
在视觉物体识别过程中，对于伸手抓握动作的几个组成部分，已经有刺激-反应相容性效应的相关报道[塔克，M.，& 埃利斯，R.（1998年）。关于所见物体与潜在动作组成部分之间的关系。《实验心理学杂志：人类知觉与表现》，24，830 - 846；埃利斯，R.，& 塔克，M.（2000年）。微观可供性：所见物体对动作的增强作用。《英国心理学杂志》，91，451 - 471；塔克，M.，& 埃利斯，R.（2001年）。视觉物体分类过程中抓握类型的增强作用。《视觉认知》，8，769 - 800；克里姆，S. H.，& 普罗菲特，D. R.（2001年）。通过物体的把手抓握物体：认知与动作之间的必要交互作用。《实验心理学杂志：人类知觉与表现》，27，218 - 228；克莱杰罗，L.，贝洛，A.，法迪加，L.，& 里佐拉蒂，G.（2002年）。手部动作准备会影响对手部图片的反应。《神经心理学》，40，492 - 502]。本研究调查了在物体的视觉心理意象过程中，伸手抓握动作的两个要素的相容性效应——物体与强力抓握和精确抓握的相容性，以及特定手部（左手/右手）抓握物体的方向（左/右）。实验1为“所见”物体与强力抓握和精确抓握的相容性效应提供了进一步证据。该实验表明，当一个物体呈现在四个物体的阵列中而不仅仅是单独呈现时，相容性效应是可以获得的。实验2提供了证据，表明当参与者在物体从视野中消失700毫秒后对其做出动作反应时，也能观察到物体与强力抓握和精确抓握的相容性效应。实验3研究了在视觉心理意象过程中，特定手部抓握物体的方向的相容性效应，但未发现此类效应的证据。研究结果结合为调和视觉物体识别的生态理论和表征理论而提出的两个观点进行了讨论。
