Punia Abhay, Singh Vijay, Thakur Anita, Chauhan Nalini Singh
Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
Department of Botany, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 14;9(3):e14593. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14593. eCollection 2023 Mar.
The tobacco cutworm, (Fabricius) is a serious cosmopolitan pest that attacks several economically important crops such as maize, sorghum, chickpea, pigeon pea, cotton, tobacco and sunflower. It has developed resistance to most pesticides resulting in its continual outbreak. The effect of caffeic acid on second instar larvae of was evaluated by carrying out bioassays, nutritional assays, immune assays and biochemical assays with phenolic acids. Bioassays carried out with second instar larvae of showed growth inhibiting effects of various concentrations (5 ppm, 25 ppm, 125 ppm, 625 ppm and 3125 ppm) of caffeic acid on in comparison to control. A significant increase in mortality as well as an increased development time was observed with increase in the concentration of caffeic acid. A decrease in nutritional indices, including relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), and approximate digestibility (AD), indicated that dietary caffeic acid also negatively impacted the nutritional physiology of larvae. Caffeic acid has a significant impact on the immunological response of larvae. As the concentration of caffeic acid increased, the overall number of hemocytes decreased. Enzymatic assays revealed a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes when larvae were given an artificial diet containing LC concentration of phenolic acid for an interval of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The levels of oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxide, protein carbonyl and lipid peroxide) were also significantly enhanced in larvae after treatment with phenolic acid. According to our study, caffeic acid can be employed as a substitute for traditional insecticides to reduce the population of
烟草夜蛾（学名：Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)）是一种严重的世界性害虫，会侵害多种具有重要经济价值的作物，如玉米、高粱、鹰嘴豆、木豆、棉花、烟草和向日葵。它已对大多数农药产生抗性，导致其持续暴发。通过对酚酸进行生物测定、营养测定、免疫测定和生化测定，评估了咖啡酸对烟草夜蛾二龄幼虫的影响。对烟草夜蛾二龄幼虫进行的生物测定表明，与对照相比，不同浓度（5 ppm、25 ppm、125 ppm、625 ppm和3125 ppm）的咖啡酸对烟草夜蛾具有生长抑制作用。随着咖啡酸浓度的增加，死亡率显著上升，发育时间延长。包括相对生长率（RGR）、相对取食率（RCR）、摄入食物转化率（ECI）、消化食物转化率（ECD）和近似消化率（AD）在内的营养指标下降，表明饲料中的咖啡酸也对烟草夜蛾幼虫的营养生理产生了负面影响。咖啡酸对烟草夜蛾幼虫的免疫反应有显著影响。随着咖啡酸浓度的增加，血细胞总数减少。酶活性测定显示，当给烟草夜蛾幼虫喂食含LC浓度酚酸的人工饲料24、48、72和96小时后，抗氧化酶显著增加。用酚酸处理后，烟草夜蛾幼虫体内的氧化应激标志物（过氧化氢、蛋白质羰基和脂质过氧化物）水平也显著升高。根据我们的研究，咖啡酸可作为传统杀虫剂的替代品，以减少烟草夜蛾的种群数量。
