Sahu Sandip K, Mishra Priyadarshini
Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Feb 21;15(2):e35260. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35260. eCollection 2023 Feb.
The World Health Organization has identified retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as one of the emerging causes of preventable childhood blindness in developing and middle-income countries. It is becoming a major public health problem in developing countries like India and China. ROP blindness in India is increasing due to the highest number of preterm births in the world, suboptimal neonatal care, lack of awareness, screening programs and treatment not in place, and increasing numbers of neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and special newborn care units (SNCUs) opening all over the country without appropriate ophthalmic care. On top of it, heavier and late preterm babies are developing severe ROP due to the variable quality of neonatal services and insufficient optimal eye care in the NICU and SNCU. The situation become more precarious during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and it became a challenge to motivate health workers and parents to keep the screening and treatment of ROP babies in place.
世界卫生组织已将早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)确定为发展中国家和中等收入国家可预防儿童失明的新出现原因之一。在印度和中国等发展中国家,它正成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。由于印度是世界上早产数量最多的国家,新生儿护理欠佳,缺乏认识,筛查项目和治疗措施未到位,且全国各地开设的新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)和特殊新生儿护理病房(SNCU)数量不断增加,但却没有适当的眼科护理,印度ROP致盲人数正在上升。此外,由于新生儿服务质量参差不齐,以及NICU和SNCU中最佳眼部护理不足,体重较重和晚期早产的婴儿正在患上严重的ROP。在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行期间,情况变得更加不稳定,促使卫生工作者和家长持续进行ROP患儿的筛查和治疗也成为了一项挑战。