Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
Front Immunol. 2023 Mar 10;14:1146167. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1146167. eCollection 2023.
The complement system is one of the immune system's oldest defense mechanisms and is historically regarded as a liver-derived and serum-active innate immune system that 'complements' cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses against pathogens. However, the complement system is now recognized as a central component of both innate and adaptive immunity at both the systemic and local tissue levels. More findings have uncovered novel activities of an intracellularly active complement system-the complosome-that have shifted established functional paradigms in the field. The complosome has been shown to play a critical function in regulating T cell responses, cell physiology (such as metabolism), inflammatory disease processes, and cancer, which has amply proved its immense research potential and informed us that there is still much to learn about this system. Here, we summarize current understanding and discuss the emerging roles of the complosome in health and disease.
补体系统是免疫系统最古老的防御机制之一，历史上被认为是一种肝脏衍生的、血清活性的固有免疫系统，可以“补充”针对病原体的细胞介导和抗体介导的免疫反应。然而，补体系统现在被认为是系统和局部组织水平固有免疫和适应性免疫的核心组成部分。更多的发现揭示了细胞内活性补体系统——补体复合物的新活性，这已经改变了该领域既定的功能模式。补体复合物已被证明在调节 T 细胞反应、细胞生理学（如代谢）、炎症性疾病过程和癌症方面发挥着关键作用，这充分证明了它具有巨大的研究潜力，并告诉我们，我们还有很多关于这个系统的知识需要学习。在这里，我们总结了目前的认识，并讨论了补体复合物在健康和疾病中的新兴作用。
