Quantifying Access to Speech in Children with Hearing Loss: The Influence of the Work of Pat Stelmachowicz on Measures of Audibility.

This article reviews the research of Pat Stelmachowicz on traditional and novel measures for quantifying speech audibility (i.e., pure-tone average [PTA], the articulation/audibility index [AI], the speech intelligibility index, and auditory dosage) as predictors of speech perception and language outcomes in children. We discuss the limitations of using audiometric PTA as a predictor of perceptual outcomes in children and how Pat's research shed light on the importance of measures that characterize high-frequency audibility. We also discuss the AI, Pat's work on the calculation of the AI as a hearing aid outcome measure, and how this work led to the application of the speech intelligibility index as a clinically utilized measure of unaided and aided audibility. Finally, we describe a novel measure of audibility-auditory dosage-that was developed based on Pat's work on audibility and hearing aid use for children who are hard of hearing.