Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, San Simon University, UMSS, Cochabamba, Bolivia; Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
Chemosphere. 2023 Jul;328:138508. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138508. Epub 2023 Mar 25.
Water pollution has jeopardized human health, and a safe supply of drinking water has been recognized as a worldwide issue. The increase in the accumulation of heavy metals in water from different sources has led to the search for efficient and environmentally friendly treatment methods and materials for their removal. Natural zeolites are promising materials for removing heavy metals from different sources contaminating the water. It is important to know the structure, chemistry, and performance of the removal of heavy metals from water, of the natural zeolites to design water treatment processes. This review focuses on critical analyses of the application of distinct natural zeolites for the adsorption of heavy metals from water, specifically, arsenic (As(III), As(V)), cadmium (Cd(II)), chromium (Cr(III), Cr(VI)), lead (Pb(II)), mercury(Hg(II)) and nickel (Ni(II)). The reported results of heavy-metal removal by natural zeolites are summarized, and the chemical modification of natural zeolites by acid/base/salt reagent, surfactants, and metallic reagents has been analyzed, compared, and described. Furthermore, the adsorption/desorption capacity, systems, operating parameters, isotherms, and kinetics for natural zeolites were described and compared. According to the analysis, clinoptilolite is the most applied natural zeolite to remove heavy metals. It is effective in removing As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, and Ni. Additionally, an interesting fact is a variation between the natural zeolites from different geological origins regarding the sorption properties and capacities for heavy metals suggesting that natural zeolites from different regions of the world are unique.
水污染危及人类健康，安全饮用水供应已被视为全球性问题。不同来源水中重金属积累的增加，导致人们寻求高效、环保的处理方法和材料来去除重金属。天然沸石是去除水中不同来源重金属污染的有前途的材料。了解天然沸石去除水中重金属的结构、化学性质和性能对于设计水处理工艺非常重要。本综述重点对不同天然沸石在吸附水中重金属（如砷（III、V）、镉（II）、铬（III、VI）、铅（II）、汞（II）和镍（II））方面的应用进行了批判性分析。总结了天然沸石去除重金属的报道结果，并对天然沸石的酸/碱/盐试剂、表面活性剂和金属试剂的化学改性进行了分析、比较和描述。此外，还描述和比较了天然沸石的吸附/解吸容量、系统、操作参数、等温线和动力学。根据分析，斜发沸石是应用最广泛的去除重金属的天然沸石。它能有效去除 As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg 和 Ni。此外，一个有趣的事实是，不同地质来源的天然沸石在吸附性能和重金属吸附容量上存在差异，这表明来自世界不同地区的天然沸石是独特的。
