Yin Dengyu, Yu Haochen, Lu Yanqi, Zhang Jian, Li Gensheng, Li Xiaoshun
College of Economics and Management, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061 China.
School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, 221116 China.
Chin Geogr Sci. 2023;33(2):333-350. doi: 10.1007/s11769-023-1344-2. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
For mankind's survival and development, water, energy, and food (WEF) are essential material guarantees. In China, however, the spatial distribution of WEF is seriously unbalanced and mismatched. Here, a collaborative governance mechanism that aims at nexus security needs to be urgently established. In this paper, the Yellow River Basin in China with a representative WEF system, was selected as a case. Firstly, a comprehensive framework for WEF coupling coordination was constructed, and the relationship and mechanism between them were analyzed theoretically. Then, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) with a composite evaluation method, coupling coordination degree model, spatial statistical analysis, and multiscale geographic weighted regression. Finally, policy implications were discussed to promote the coordinated development of the WEF system. The results showed that: 1) WEF subsystems showed a significant imbalance of spatial pattern and diversity in temporal changes; 2) the CCD for the WEF system varied little and remained at moderate coordination. Areas with moderate coordination have increased, while areas with superior coordination and mild disorder have decreased. In addition, the spatial clustering phenomenon of the CCD was significant and showed obvious characteristics of polarization; and 3) the action of each factor is self-differentiated and regionally variable. For different factors, GDP per capita was of particular importance, which contributed most to the regional development's coupling coordination. For different regions, GDP per capita, average yearly precipitation, population density, and urbanization rate exhibited differences in geographical gradients in an east-west direction. The conclusion can provide references for regional resource allocation and sustainable development by enhancing WEF system utilization efficiency.
对于人类的生存与发展而言，水、能源和食物（WEF）是至关重要的物质保障。然而在中国，WEF的空间分布严重失衡且不匹配。在此，迫切需要建立一种以关系安全为目标的协同治理机制。本文选取了中国具有代表性WEF系统的黄河流域作为案例。首先，构建了WEF耦合协调的综合框架，并从理论上分析了它们之间的关系和机制。然后，运用综合评价方法、耦合协调度模型、空间统计分析和多尺度地理加权回归，研究了耦合协调度（CCD）的时空特征及驱动机制。最后，探讨了促进WEF系统协调发展的政策启示。结果表明：1）WEF子系统呈现出空间格局的显著失衡以及时间变化的多样性；2）WEF系统的CCD变化不大，维持在中等协调水平。中等协调区域有所增加，而优质协调和轻度失调区域有所减少。此外，CCD的空间聚类现象显著，呈现出明显的极化特征；3）各因素的作用具有自我分化和区域变异性。对于不同因素，人均GDP尤为重要，它对区域发展耦合协调的贡献最大。对于不同区域，人均GDP、年平均降水量、人口密度和城市化率在东西方向上呈现出地理梯度差异。该结论可为提高WEF系统利用效率、进行区域资源配置和可持续发展提供参考。
