Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Punjab, Pakistan.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(15):1859-1880. doi: 10.2174/1389201024666230327082051.
Artemisinin is a lactone sesquiterpenoid with an endo-peroxide bridge in the 1, 2, 3-trioxane structure employed for the treatment and management of lethal viral diseases. In the current review, emphasis has been given on the production of artemisinin from natural sources with biosynthesis pathways and potential antiviral activity.
A wide-ranging inquiry on artemisinin was made electronically on the basis of articles published in peer-reviewed journals, abstracts, published in conference proceedings, government reports, preprints, books, Master's and Ph.D. theses, The research was carried out in different International scientific databases like Academic Search, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, BioOne Previews, CabDirect, Cochrane Library, Pubmed/Medline, GeoRef, Google Scholar, JSTOR, Journal Citation Reports, Mendeley, Publons, Researchgate, Scopus, SciELO, Springer Link, Science Direct, Web of Science, Taylor and Francis with particular keywords.
The evidence reviewed here indicates that out of the hundreds of species of the genus mentioned in the literature, only 37 species are reported to possess artemisinin naturally in their extracts with variable concentrations. This review further discusses the biosynthesis pathways and antiviral activities of artemisinin and its derivatives which have been used against more than 12 viral disease categories.
On the whole, it is concluded that the primary natural sources of artemisinin and its derivatives are the plants with antiviral activity, which are essential candidates for drug development against SARS-CoV-2 mainly from those species screened for SARS-CoV- 2 infection.
青蒿素是一种倍半萜内酯，具有 1,2,3-三氧杂环戊烷结构中的内过氧化物桥，用于治疗和管理致命性病毒疾病。在本综述中，重点介绍了从天然来源生产青蒿素的方法，包括生物合成途径和潜在的抗病毒活性。
根据已发表的同行评议期刊文章、会议论文集发表的摘要、政府报告、预印本、书籍、硕士和博士论文，广泛检索了关于青蒿素的电子文献。研究在不同的国际科学数据库中进行，如 Academic Search、Biological Abstracts、BIOSIS、BioOne Previews、CabDirect、Cochrane Library、Pubmed/Medline、GeoRef、Google Scholar、JSTOR、Journal Citation Reports、Mendeley、Publons、Researchgate、Scopus、SciELO、Springer Link、Science Direct、Web of Science、Taylor and Francis，使用了特定的关键词。
本文综述的证据表明，在文献中提到的数百种该属物种中，只有 37 种被报道在其提取物中天然含有青蒿素，且浓度不同。本综述进一步讨论了青蒿素及其衍生物的生物合成途径和抗病毒活性，这些化合物已被用于治疗超过 12 种病毒性疾病类别。
总的来说，结论是青蒿素及其衍生物的主要天然来源是具有抗病毒活性的植物，这些植物是针对 SARS-CoV-2 开发药物的重要候选物，主要来自那些针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染进行筛选的物种。
