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艾滋病毒感染者的寻医行为和生活质量:来自加纳的新证据。

Health-Seeking Behavior and Quality of Life of People Living With HIV: Novel Evidence From Ghana.

机构信息

HIV/TB Community Systems Strengthening, Christian Health Association of Ghana (CHAG), Accra, Ghana.

Faculty of Health Sciences, 12363Health Quality Programs, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.

出版信息

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2023 Jan-Dec;22:23259582231164219. doi: 10.1177/23259582231164219.

Abstract

The health and economic burdens of HIV/AIDS in low-and-middle-income countries are enormous despite global and local efforts to prevent and mitigate its effect. This study seeks to assess cadres' (or people living with HIV [PLHIV]) health-seeking behavior and its effects on their quality of life (QoL). We collected cross-sectional data from 218 HIV community cadres and 255 noncadres in 11 out of the 16 political regions in Ghana based on a modified WHOQOL-HIV-Brief and EQ-5D questionnaires. We used descriptive statistics to describe the sample and calculate the QoL scores. We also used regression analysis (ordered logit and ordinary least squares) to analyze the factors associated with the QoL of our respondents. We found that women (77%) are still disproportionally affected by HIV. Similarly, the youth, less educated and informal sector employees continue to be affected most by HIV. Factors related to QoL of PLHIV include being a community cadre, health-seeking behavior, comorbidities, and employment type. We recommend that alternative health providers be educated on the basic science of HIV/AIDS to help them offer appropriate support to PLHIV who visit them for care. Additionally, PLHIV should be supported to engage in less energy demanding employment options.

摘要

尽管全球和地方都在努力预防和减轻艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响,但中低收入国家的艾滋病毒/艾滋病给卫生和经济带来的负担仍然巨大。本研究旨在评估干部(或艾滋病毒感染者[PLHIV])的寻医行为及其对生活质量(QoL)的影响。我们根据世界卫生组织生活质量-艾滋病毒-简短问卷和 EQ-5D 问卷,从加纳 16 个政治区域中的 11 个收集了 218 名艾滋病毒社区干部和 255 名非干部的横断面数据。我们使用描述性统计来描述样本并计算 QoL 评分。我们还使用回归分析(有序逻辑和普通最小二乘法)分析与受访者 QoL 相关的因素。我们发现,妇女(77%)仍然不成比例地受到艾滋病毒的影响。同样,年轻人、受教育程度较低的人和非正规部门的员工继续受到艾滋病毒的最大影响。与 PLHIV 的 QoL 相关的因素包括社区干部身份、寻医行为、合并症和就业类型。我们建议对替代卫生提供者进行有关艾滋病毒/艾滋病基础科学的教育,以帮助他们为寻求护理的 PLHIV 提供适当的支持。此外,应支持 PLHIV 从事对能量要求较低的就业选择。

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