Dijkman J H
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1986 Jan-Feb;22(1):241s-243s.
Emphysema is an anatomically defined disorder, which leads to chronic airflow obstruction. Airflow obstruction, however, may also result from bronchial disease. Pulmonary function tests, as applicable in population studies, do not differentiate between anatomical emphysema and other causes of airflow obstruction. Standard radiology of the thorax provides a morphological approach, but is only indicative of emphysema in advanced cases. Post mortem studies, in which emphysema was quantitated, show that age, smoking habits, sex and environment factors are important for the prevalence of pulmonary emphysema.
肺气肿是一种解剖学上定义的疾病，可导致慢性气流阻塞。然而，气流阻塞也可能由支气管疾病引起。在人群研究中适用的肺功能测试无法区分解剖学上的肺气肿和气流阻塞的其他原因。胸部标准放射学提供了一种形态学方法，但仅在晚期病例中提示肺气肿。在对肺气肿进行定量的尸检研究中，发现年龄、吸烟习惯、性别和环境因素对肺气肿的患病率很重要。
