Yang Yong, Li Li, Luo Zhaozhen, Zhao Yuqiang, Mu Yalin, Zhang Qingming
Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Comprehensive Law Enforcement Team of Ecological Environment Protection, Rizhao Bureau of Ecological Environment, Rizhao 276826, China.
Toxics. 2023 Mar 6;11(3):246. doi: 10.3390/toxics11030246.
Metolachlor is a widely used chiral herbicide. However, information on its enantioselective toxicity to earthworms, an important soil organism, remains limited. Herein, the effects of - and -metolachlor on oxidative stress and DNA damage in were investigated and compared. Moreover, the degradation of both herbicides in the soil was also determined. The results showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) in were more easily induced by -metolachlor than -metolachlor at a higher concentration (above 16 µg/g). Similarly, the effects of -metolachlor on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and DNA damage in were more significant than those of -metolachlor at the same exposure concentration and time. - and -metolachlor did not result in severe lipid peroxidation. The toxic effects of both herbicides on gradually decreased after 7 days as the exposure was prolonged. At the same concentration, -metolachlor degrades faster than -metolachlor. These results suggest that -metolachlor has a greater effect on than -metolachlor, providing a significant reference for the rational use of metolachlor.
异丙甲草胺是一种广泛使用的手性除草剂。然而，关于其对蚯蚓（一种重要的土壤生物）的对映体选择性毒性的信息仍然有限。在此，研究并比较了左旋和右旋异丙甲草胺对蚯蚓氧化应激和DNA损伤的影响。此外，还测定了两种除草剂在土壤中的降解情况。结果表明，在较高浓度（高于16μg/g）下，左旋异丙甲草胺比右旋异丙甲草胺更容易诱导蚯蚓体内的活性氧（ROS）产生。同样，在相同的暴露浓度和时间下，左旋异丙甲草胺对蚯蚓超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和DNA损伤的影响比右旋异丙甲草胺更显著。左旋和右旋异丙甲草胺均未导致严重的脂质过氧化。随着暴露时间延长至7天后，两种除草剂对蚯蚓的毒性作用逐渐降低。在相同浓度下，左旋异丙甲草胺比右旋异丙甲草胺降解得更快。这些结果表明，左旋异丙甲草胺对蚯蚓的影响比右旋异丙甲草胺更大，为异丙甲草胺的合理使用提供了重要参考。
