Maule Matteo, Olivieri Bianca, Guarnieri Gabriella, De Franceschi Lucia, Martinelli Nicola, Vaia Rachele, Argentino Giuseppe, Vianello Andrea, Senna Gianenrico, Caminati Marco
Allergy Unit and Asthma Center, Verona University Hospital, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 15;12(6):2294. doi: 10.3390/jcm12062294.
Bronchial asthma is the most frequent inflammatory non-communicable condition affecting the airways worldwide. It is commonly associated with concomitant conditions, which substantially contribute to its burden, whether they involve the lung or other districts. The present review aims at providing an overview of the recent acquisitions in terms of asthma concomitant systemic conditions, besides the commonly known respiratory comorbidities. The most recent research has highlighted a number of pathobiological interactions between asthma and other organs in the view of a shared immunological background underling different diseases. A bi-univocal relationship between asthma and common conditions, including cardiovascular, metabolic or neurodegenerative diseases, as well as rare disorders such as sickle cell disease, α1-Antitrypsin deficiency and immunologic conditions with hyper-eosinophilia, should be considered and explored, in terms of diagnostic work-up and long-term assessment of asthma patients. The relevance of that acquisition is of utmost importance in the management of asthma patients and paves the way to a new approach in the light of a personalized medicine perspective, besides targeted therapies.
支气管哮喘是全球范围内影响气道最常见的炎症性非传染性疾病。它通常与伴随疾病相关，这些伴随疾病无论涉及肺部还是其他部位，都极大地加重了其负担。本综述旨在概述哮喘伴随的全身性疾病的最新研究成果，以及常见的呼吸道合并症。最近的研究强调了在不同疾病共有的免疫背景下，哮喘与其他器官之间的一些病理生物学相互作用。在哮喘患者的诊断检查和长期评估方面，应考虑并探索哮喘与常见疾病（包括心血管疾病、代谢性疾病或神经退行性疾病）以及罕见疾病（如镰状细胞病、α1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症和高嗜酸性粒细胞增多的免疫性疾病）之间的双向关系。这一研究成果在哮喘患者的管理中至关重要，除了靶向治疗外，还为基于个性化医疗视角的新方法铺平了道路。
