Diana Pierluigi, Esposito Susanna
Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
J Pers Med. 2023 Mar 8;13(3):483. doi: 10.3390/jpm13030483.
While the significance of gender has only recently been recognized, gender assigned at birth has long been understood to have a significant influence on a number of illnesses. Due to the paucity of data in this regard in pediatrics, the purpose of this narrative review is to frame the most recent knowledge about the role of gender assigned at birth in the neurological development and neuropsychiatric disorders among young people. Literature analysis showed that gender disparities exist in neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders among the pediatric population and supported the fact that new guidelines should take this into account. However, there is an urgent need for specific studies focused on gender role among children and adolescents in order to better understand how this can relate to diagnosis, development and treatment of different neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases. Moreover, further efforts should be directed to identify unique risks linked to gender disorders and gender dysphoria as well as taking into account a gender point of view when approaching a pediatric patient.
虽然性别因素的重要性直到最近才得到认可，但人们早就认识到出生时被指定的性别对多种疾病有重大影响。由于儿科领域在这方面的数据匮乏，本叙述性综述的目的是梳理有关出生时被指定的性别在年轻人神经发育和神经精神疾病中所起作用的最新知识。文献分析表明，儿科人群的神经和神经精神疾病存在性别差异，并支持新指南应考虑这一因素的观点。然而，迫切需要针对儿童和青少年的性别角色开展具体研究，以便更好地了解这与不同神经和神经精神疾病的诊断、发展及治疗之间的关系。此外，应进一步努力识别与性别障碍和性别焦虑症相关的独特风险，并在诊治儿科患者时考虑性别因素。
