Tan Li, Li Jiusheng, Zeng Xiangqiong
Laboratory for Advanced Lubricating Materials, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Mar 7;16(6):2148. doi: 10.3390/ma16062148.
Controlling metal corrosion can directly address the waste of metal and the environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by metal recycling, very significant factors for green and sustainable development. The addition of corrosion inhibitors is a relatively cost-effective means of corrosion prevention. Among these, N-heterocycles have been widely used because heteroatoms contain lone pairs of electrons that can be strongly adsorbed onto metals, protecting them in highly corrosive environments at relatively low concentrations. However, due to the large variety of N-heterocycles, their corrosion inhibition characteristics have seldom been compared; therefore, the selection of appropriate N-heterocycles in the development of anti-corrosion products for specific applications was very difficult. This review systematically analyzed the influence of different substituents on the corrosion inhibition performance of N-heterocycles, including different alkyl chain substituents, electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents, and halogen atoms, respectively. The correlation between the molecular structure and corrosion inhibition characteristics of N-heterocycles was comprehensively revealed, and their action mechanism was analyzed deeply. In addition, the toxicity and biodegradability of N-heterocycles was briefly discussed. This study has provided a significant guideline for the development of green, promising corrosion inhibitors for advanced manufacturing and clean energy equipment protection.
控制金属腐蚀可以直接解决金属浪费以及金属回收所导致的环境污染和资源枯竭问题，这些都是绿色可持续发展的重要因素。添加缓蚀剂是一种相对经济高效的防腐蚀手段。其中，N-杂环化合物已被广泛应用，因为杂原子含有孤对电子，能够强烈吸附在金属表面，在相对较低的浓度下就能在高腐蚀性环境中保护金属。然而，由于N-杂环化合物种类繁多，它们的缓蚀特性很少被比较；因此，在开发针对特定应用的防腐产品时，选择合适的N-杂环化合物非常困难。本综述系统地分析了不同取代基对N-杂环化合物缓蚀性能的影响，分别包括不同的烷基链取代基、供电子和吸电子取代基以及卤素原子。全面揭示了N-杂环化合物分子结构与缓蚀特性之间的相关性，并深入分析了它们的作用机理。此外，还简要讨论了N-杂环化合物的毒性和生物降解性。本研究为开发用于先进制造和清洁能源设备保护的绿色、有前景的缓蚀剂提供了重要指导。
