Department of Operative Dentistry, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
Department of Operative Dentistry, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Mar 14;59(3):567. doi: 10.3390/medicina59030567.
Despite a plethora of studies conducted to date, researchers continue to investigate the best sealer and obturation technique combinations. The aim of this study is to compare the apical seal provided by two bioceramic sealers (Endoseal and Endosequence) with that provided by a calcium hydroxide sealer (Sealapex), and to evaluate the effect of different obturation techniques (cold lateral condensation, continuous wave compaction and single cone) on the apical seal under a stereomicroscope. A total of 110 single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were decoronated, cleaned and shaped using the Endosequence filing system to tip size 30/0.04 taper. Canals were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. The samples were randomly divided into 11 groups (9 experimental and 2 control groups) according to the designated sealer and technique. Samples were stored in an incubator for 7 days at 37 °C under 100% humidity. Samples were coated with nail varnish except for apical 2 mm and vertically placed in 0.2% rhodamine B dye solution for 48 h. Samples were split longitudinally and viewed under a stereomicroscope at 40× magnification. Insignificant results were obtained between obturation techniques ( = 0.499) whereas statistically significant results were attained based on the type of endodontic sealer ( < 0.001). The overall lowest mean apical microleakage and best sealing ability was demonstrated by Sealapex (2.59 ± 1.20 mm) and amongst techniques by continuous wave compaction (3.90 ± 2.51 mm). Endosequence produced the best apical seal with the continuous wave compaction technique, whereas Endoseal did so with the bioceramic-coated single-cone technique. For the Sealapex sealer, the most effective apical seal was observed using cold lateral condensation. The quality and effectiveness of apical seal differed with the type of endodontic sealer and obturation technique used, and vice versa.
尽管迄今为止已经进行了大量研究，但研究人员仍在继续探索最佳的密封剂和封闭技术组合。本研究旨在比较两种生物陶瓷密封剂（Endoseal 和 Endosequence）和一种氢氧化钙密封剂（Sealapex）提供的根尖封闭效果，并通过体视显微镜评估不同的封闭技术（冷侧压、连续波压实和单根管）对根尖封闭的影响。
共对 110 颗下颌前磨牙进行了去冠、清洁和成形，使用 Endosequence 锉系统至 30/0.04 锥度尖端大小。用 5.25%次氯酸钠和 17% EDTA 冲洗根管。根据指定的密封剂和技术，将样本随机分为 11 组（9 个实验组和 2 个对照组）。将样本在 37°C 下于孵育箱中储存 7 天，湿度为 100%。除根尖 2mm 外，样本均涂覆指甲油，并将其垂直放置在 0.2%罗丹明 B 染料溶液中 48 小时。样本沿纵向劈开，在体视显微镜下以 40×放大倍数观察。
封闭技术之间的结果无显著差异（ = 0.499），而基于根管封闭剂的类型，结果具有统计学意义（ < 0.001）。Sealapex（2.59 ± 1.20mm）总体显示出最低的平均根尖微渗漏和最佳的密封能力，而在技术方面，连续波压实（3.90 ± 2.51mm）的效果最佳。Endosequence 与连续波压实技术相结合时产生最佳根尖封闭，而 Endoseal 与生物陶瓷涂层的单根管技术相结合时产生最佳根尖封闭。对于 Sealapex 密封剂，使用冷侧压时观察到最有效的根尖密封。根尖封闭的质量和效果因所用根管封闭剂和封闭技术的类型而异，反之亦然。
