Teobaldo Ronyatta Weich, Granja-Salcedo Yury Tatiana, Cardoso Abmael da Silva, Constancio Milena Tavares Lima, Brito Thais Ribeiro, Romanzini Eliéder Prates, Reis Ricardo Andrade
Department of Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14887-900, Brazil.
Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación El Nus, San Roque 053030, Colombia.
Microorganisms. 2023 Mar 22;11(3):810. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030810.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of a phytogenic compound blend (PHA) containing hydrolyzable tannins, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde oil to mineral salt or energy supplementation on the rumen microbiota and nitrogen metabolism of grazing Nellore cattle. Eight castrated Nellore steers were distributed in a double-Latin-square 4 × 4 design, with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two types of supplements with or without the addition of the PHA), as follows: energy supplement without the PHA addition (EW); energy supplement with the PHA addition (EPHA); mineral supplement without the addition of the PHA (MW); mineral supplement with the PHA addition (MPHA). Steers that received supplements with the PHA have a lower ruminal proportion of valerate (with the PHA, 1.06%; without the PHA, 1.15%), a lower ruminal abundance of Verrucomicrobia, and a tendency for lower DM digestibility (with the PHA, 62.8%; without the PHA, 64.8%). Energy supplements allowed for higher ammonia concentrations (+2.28 mg of NH-N/dL), increased the propionate proportion (+0.29% of total VFA), and had a higher ruminal abundance of Proteobacteria and Spirochaetae phyla in the rumen. The PHA addition in the supplement did not improve nitrogen retention, reduced the ruminal proportion of valerate, and had a negative impact on both the total dry-matter digestibility and the abundance of several ruminal bacterial groups belonging to the Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia phyla.
本研究的目的是评估在矿物质盐或能量补充剂中添加含有可水解单宁、香芹酚和肉桂醛油的植物源化合物混合物（PHA）对放牧内洛尔牛瘤胃微生物群和氮代谢的影响。八头去势的内洛尔阉牛采用4×4双拉丁方设计进行分配，采用2×2析因安排（两种类型的补充剂，添加或不添加PHA），如下所示：不添加PHA的能量补充剂（EW）；添加PHA的能量补充剂（EPHA）；不添加PHA的矿物质补充剂（MW）；添加PHA的矿物质补充剂（MPHA）。接受添加PHA补充剂的阉牛瘤胃中戊酸比例较低（添加PHA为1.06%；不添加PHA为1.15%），疣微菌门的瘤胃丰度较低，干物质消化率有降低趋势（添加PHA为62.8%；不添加PHA为64.8%）。能量补充剂使氨浓度更高（+2.28 mg NH-N/dL），丙酸比例增加（占总挥发性脂肪酸的+0.29%），瘤胃中变形菌门和螺旋体门的瘤胃丰度更高。补充剂中添加PHA并没有提高氮保留率，降低了瘤胃中戊酸的比例，并且对总干物质消化率以及属于厚壁菌门和疣微菌门的几个瘤胃细菌群的丰度都有负面影响。
