Kalinova Klara
Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Mar 21;13(6):1115. doi: 10.3390/nano13061115.
Solitary sound absorbing elements exist; however, their construction is massive and heavy, which largely limits their use. These elements are generally made of porous materials that serve to reduce the amplitude of the reflected sound waves. Materials based on the resonance principle (oscillating membranes, plates, and Helmholtz's resonators) can also be used for sound absorption. A limitation of these elements is the absorption of a very narrow sound band to which these elements are "tuned". For other frequencies, the absorption is very low. The aim of the solution is to achieve a high sound absorption efficiency at a very low weight. A nanofibrous membrane was used to create high sound absorption in synergy with special grids working as a cavity resonator. Prototypes of the nanofibrous resonant membrane on a grid with a thickness of 2 mm and an air gap of 50 mm already showed a high level of sound absorption (0.6-0.8) at a frequency of 300 Hz, which is a very unique result. Since acoustic elements, i.e., lighting, tiles, and ceilings, are designed for interiors, an essential part of the research is also the achievement of the lighting function and the emphasis on aesthetic design.
存在单独的吸声元件;然而,它们的结构庞大且沉重,这在很大程度上限制了它们的使用。这些元件通常由多孔材料制成,用于降低反射声波的振幅。基于共振原理的材料(振荡膜、板和亥姆霍兹共振器)也可用于吸声。这些元件的一个局限性是它们“调谐”到的非常窄的声频带的吸收。对于其他频率,吸收非常低。该解决方案的目标是以非常低的重量实现高吸声效率。使用纳米纤维膜与用作腔谐振器的特殊格栅协同作用以实现高吸声。厚度为2毫米且气隙为50毫米的格栅上的纳米纤维共振膜原型在300赫兹频率下已经显示出高水平的吸声(0.6 - 0.8),这是一个非常独特的结果。由于声学元件,即照明、瓷砖和天花板,是为室内设计的,研究的一个重要部分也是实现照明功能并强调美学设计。