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市售藜麦（藜麦属）种子：一种被产毒真菌污染的无霉菌毒素基质。

Marketed Quinoa ( Willd.) Seeds: A Mycotoxin-Free Matrix Contaminated by Mycotoxigenic Fungi.

作者信息

Quaglia Mara, Beccari Giovanni, Vella Giovanna Fabiana, Filippucci Riccardo, Buldini Dario, Onofri Andrea, Sulyok Michael, Covarelli Lorenzo

机构信息

Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.

Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse, 20, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.

出版信息

Pathogens. 2023 Mar 6;12(3):418. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030418.

DOI:10.3390/pathogens12030418
PMID:36986340
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10057975/
Abstract

A total of 25 marketed quinoa seed samples different for origin, farming system and packaging were analyzed for the presence of mycotoxigenic fungi (by isolation both on Potato Dextrose Agar and with the deep-freezing blotter method) and relative contamination by mycotoxins (by LC-MS/MS analysis). Fungal microorganisms, but not mycotoxins, were detected in all the samples, and 25 isolates representative of the mycobiota were obtained. Morphological and molecular characterization and, for some isolates, the in vitro mycotoxigenic profile, allowed the identification of 19 fungal species within five different genera: , , , and Among the identified species, , , , , , , , , , , and were first reported on quinoa, and and were first reported on quinoa seeds. The geographical origin, farming system and packaging were showed to affect the amount and type of the isolated fungal species, highlighting that the level of fungal presence and their related secondary metabolites is conditioned by different steps of the quinoa supply chain. However, despite the presence of mycotoxigenic fungi, the marketed quinoa seeds analyzed resulted in being free from mycotoxins.

摘要

共对25个来自不同产地、种植系统和包装的市售藜麦种子样本进行了分析，以检测产毒真菌的存在情况（通过在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上分离以及采用深度冷冻滤纸法）和霉菌毒素的相对污染情况（通过液相色谱-串联质谱分析）。在所有样本中均检测到了真菌微生物，但未检测到霉菌毒素，并获得了25株代表真菌群落的分离株。通过形态学和分子特征鉴定，以及对部分分离株进行体外产毒谱分析，在五个不同属中鉴定出了19种真菌： 、 、 、 和 。在所鉴定的物种中， 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 首次在藜麦上报道， 和 首次在藜麦种子上报道。研究表明，地理来源、种植系统和包装会影响分离出的真菌物种的数量和类型，突出了藜麦供应链的不同环节会影响真菌的存在水平及其相关次生代谢产物。然而，尽管存在产毒真菌，但所分析的市售藜麦种子未检测到霉菌毒素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/f580bc3303c4/pathogens-12-00418-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/2e87a4ee10ac/pathogens-12-00418-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/1279ae4f7a09/pathogens-12-00418-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/9a7013d27adf/pathogens-12-00418-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/b2004949e68c/pathogens-12-00418-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/d517440e997a/pathogens-12-00418-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/ecb51e89b95b/pathogens-12-00418-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/2d2f43e217fb/pathogens-12-00418-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/51d6d35df1bf/pathogens-12-00418-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/f580bc3303c4/pathogens-12-00418-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/2e87a4ee10ac/pathogens-12-00418-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/1279ae4f7a09/pathogens-12-00418-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/9a7013d27adf/pathogens-12-00418-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/b2004949e68c/pathogens-12-00418-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/d517440e997a/pathogens-12-00418-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/ecb51e89b95b/pathogens-12-00418-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/2d2f43e217fb/pathogens-12-00418-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/51d6d35df1bf/pathogens-12-00418-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ee1a/10057975/f580bc3303c4/pathogens-12-00418-g009.jpg

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