Beccari Giovanni, Quaglia Mara, Tini Francesco, Pannacci Euro, Covarelli Lorenzo
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;10(9):1933. doi: 10.3390/plants10091933.
In 2017, in a new cultivation area (Central Italy), emergence failures of the Titicaca, Rio Bamba, and Real varieties, whose seeds were obtained the previous year (2016) in the same location, were observed. Moreover, leaf disease symptoms on the Regalona variety, whose seeds came from Chile, were detected. Visual and microscopic analyses showed the presence of browning/necrotic symptoms on the seeds of the three varieties whose emergence in the field had failed. In addition, their in vitro germination rates were strongly compromised. spp. was isolated with high incidence from Titicaca, Rio Bamba, and Real seeds. Among the detected species, in the phylogenetic analysis, the dominant one clustered in the sub-clade of the (FIESC) species complex. Instead, the pathogen associated with Regalona leaf symptoms was identified, by morphological and molecular features, as , the causal agents of downy mildew. This is the first report of both and on in Italy. Species-specific primers also detected in Regalona seeds. These results underline the importance of pathogen monitoring in new quinoa distribution areas, as well as of healthy seed production and import for successful cultivation.
2017年，在一个新的种植区（意大利中部），观察到的的喀喀湖、里奥班巴和雷亚尔品种出现出苗失败情况，这些品种的种子是前一年（2016年）在同一地点获得的。此外，还检测到种子来自智利的雷加洛纳品种出现叶部病害症状。肉眼和显微镜分析表明，田间出苗失败的三个品种的种子存在褐变/坏死症状。此外，它们的体外发芽率也受到严重影响。从的的喀喀湖、里奥班巴和雷亚尔种子中高发病率地分离出了 spp.。在检测到的物种中，系统发育分析显示，优势物种聚集在（FIESC）物种复合体的亚分支中。相反，通过形态学和分子特征，与雷加洛纳叶部症状相关的病原体被鉴定为霜霉病的病原菌。这是意大利首次关于 和 在藜麦上的报道。物种特异性引物也在雷加洛纳种子中检测到了 。这些结果强调了在新的藜麦分布区进行病原体监测的重要性，以及健康种子生产和进口对于成功种植的重要性。
