Abouzeid Hana, Sintzoff Lara
Service d'ophtalmologie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.
Faculté de médecine, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4.
Rev Med Suisse. 2023 Mar 29;19(820):643-647. doi: 10.53738/REVMED.2023.19.820.643.
Corticosteroid use is a major risk factor in the development of glaucoma and its aggravation. This is due to the augmentation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by the corticoids. This augmentation is different between individuals: we called it steroid responsiveness, for which multiple risk factors have been identified, the most important being personal or family history of primary open angle glaucoma. The secondary augmentation of IOP depends also on the type of preparation, the mode of administration, the dosage and the duration of the therapy. Prevention and management are essentials to avoid this adverse effect. Among the most important measures, there are the education of the patient and the practitioner, IOP follow-ups after the use of corticoids and IOP-lowering medications.
使用皮质类固醇是青光眼发生及其病情加重的主要危险因素。这是由于皮质类固醇引起眼内压（IOP）升高所致。这种升高在个体之间存在差异：我们称之为类固醇反应性，已确定了多种危险因素，其中最重要的是原发性开角型青光眼的个人或家族史。IOP的继发性升高还取决于制剂类型、给药方式、剂量和治疗持续时间。预防和管理对于避免这种不良反应至关重要。在最重要的措施中，包括对患者和从业者的教育、使用皮质类固醇后的IOP随访以及降低IOP的药物治疗。
