Indiana University School of Social Work, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Indiana Family and Social Services Administration, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Adm Policy Ment Health. 2023 Jul;50(4):630-643. doi: 10.1007/s10488-023-01266-x. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Given the fact that experiencing pandemic-related hardship and racial discrimination worsen Asian Americans' mental health, this study aimed to identify unique characteristics of behavioral health needs among Asian Americans (N = 544) compared to White Americans (N = 78,704) and Black Americans (N = 11,252) who received publicly funded behavioral health services in Indiana before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used 2019-2020 Adults Needs and Strengths Assessment (ANSA) data for adults eligible for Medicaid or funding from the state behavioral health agency. Chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) was used to detect race-specific differences among demographic variables, the pandemic status, and ANSA items. Results indicated that, regardless of age, gender, or pandemic status, Asian Americans who received behavioral health services, struggled more with cultural-related factors compared to White and Black individuals. Within this context, intersections among behavioral/emotional needs (psychosis), life functioning needs (involvement in recovery, residential stability, decision making, medical/physical health), and strengths (job history, interpersonal, and spiritual) further differentiated the mental health functioning of Asian from White and Black Americans. Classification tree algorithms offer a promising approach to detecting complex behavioral health challenges and strengths of populations based on race, ethnicity, or other characteristics.
鉴于经历大流行病相关的困难和种族歧视会恶化亚裔美国人的心理健康这一事实，本研究旨在确定在印第安纳州，与在大流行病之前和期间接受公共资助的行为健康服务的白人（N=78704）和黑人（N=11252）美国人相比，亚裔美国人（N=544）的行为健康需求的独特特征。我们使用了有资格获得医疗补助或州行为健康机构资助的成年人的 2019-2020 年成年人需求和优势评估（ANSA）数据。使用卡方自动交互检测（CHAID）来检测人口统计学变量、大流行病状况和 ANSA 项目中的种族特异性差异。结果表明，无论年龄、性别或大流行病状况如何，接受行为健康服务的亚裔美国人与白人和黑人相比，在文化相关因素方面遇到了更多的困难。在这种情况下，行为/情感需求（精神病）、生活功能需求（参与康复、居住稳定、决策、医疗/身体健康）和优势（工作经历、人际关系和精神）之间的交叉点进一步区分了亚裔美国人与白人和黑人美国人的心理健康功能。分类树算法为根据种族、民族或其他特征检测人群的复杂行为健康挑战和优势提供了一种有前途的方法。
