Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende esq. Haya de la Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Dean Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 20;878:163029. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163029. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
A research gap exists in baseline concentrations of organic micropollutants in South American rivers. Identification of areas with different degrees of contamination and risk to the inhabitant biota is needed to improve management of freshwater resources. Here we inform the incidence and ecological risk assessment (ERA) of current used pesticides (CUPs), pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and cyanotoxins (CTX) measured in two river basins from central Argentina (South America). Risk Quotients approach was used for ERA differentiating wet and dry seasons. High risk was associated to CUPs in both basins (45 % and 30 % of sites from Suquía and Ctalamochita rivers, respectively), mostly in the basins extremes. Main contributors to risk in water were insecticides and herbicides in Suquía river and insecticides and fungicides in Ctalamochita river. In Suquía river sediments, a very high risk was observed in the lower basin, mainly from AMPA contribution. Additionally, 36 % of the sites showed very high risk of PCPPs in Suquía river water, with the highest risk downstream the wastewater treatment plant of Córdoba city. Main contribution was from a psychiatric drug and analgesics. In sediments medium risk was observed at the same places with antibiotics and psychiatrics as main contributors. Few data of PPCPs are available in the Ctalamochita river. The risk in water was low, with one site (downstream Santa Rosa de Calamuchita town) presenting moderated risk caused by an antibiotic. CTX represented in general medium risk in San Roque reservoir, with San Antonio river mouth and the dam exit showing high risk during the wet season. The main contributor was microcystin-LR. Priority chemicals for monitoring or further management include two CUPs, two PPCPs, and one CTX, demonstrating a significant input of pollutants to water ecosystems from different sources and the need to include organic micropollutants in current and future monitoring.
在南美洲河流中，有机微量污染物的基线浓度存在研究空白。需要识别不同污染程度和对居民生物区系风险的区域，以改善淡水资源管理。在这里，我们报告了在阿根廷中部两个流域（南美洲）测量的当前使用的农药 (CUPs)、药物和个人护理产品 (PPCPs) 和蓝藻毒素 (CTX) 的发生率和生态风险评估 (ERA)。风险商数方法用于 ERA，区分干湿季节。在两个流域（Suquía 和 Ctalamochita 河流分别有 45%和 30%的地点），高风险与 CUPs 相关，主要集中在流域的极端地区。水中的主要风险贡献者是 Suquía 河中的杀虫剂和除草剂，以及 Ctalamochita 河中的杀虫剂和杀真菌剂。在 Suquía 河沉积物中，下游流域的风险非常高，主要是由于 AMPA 的贡献。此外，在 Suquía 河水中，有 36%的地点显示出非常高的 PCPPs 风险，其中风险最高的是 Córdoba 市污水处理厂的下游。主要贡献来自一种精神药物和止痛药。在沉积物中，在同一地点观察到中等风险，主要贡献者是抗生素和精神药物。在 Ctalamochita 河，只有少量 PPCPs 数据。水中的风险较低，只有一个地点（Santa Rosa de Calamuchita 镇下游）因一种抗生素而呈现中度风险。CTX 一般在 San Roque 水库中代表中等风险，在湿季，San Antonio 河口和大坝出口显示高风险。主要贡献者是微囊藻毒素-LR。需要监测或进一步管理的优先化学物质包括两种 CUPs、两种 PPCPs 和一种 CTX，这表明来自不同来源的污染物对水生态系统有重大输入，需要将有机微量污染物纳入当前和未来的监测。
