眼动追踪与自闭症谱系障碍学龄前儿童对共同注意反应的相关性。
Eye-tracking correlates of response to joint attention in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder.
机构信息
School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Mar 29;23(1):211. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04585-3.
BACKGROUND
A number of differences in joint attention behaviour between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) individuals have previously been documented.
METHOD
We use eye-tracking technology to assess response to joint attention (RJA) behaviours in 77 children aged 31 to 73 months. We conducted a repeated-measures analysis of variance to identify differences between groups. In addition, we analysed correlations between eye-tracking and clinical measures using Spearman's correlation.
RESULTS
The children diagnosed with ASD were less likely to follow gaze compared to TD children. Children with ASD were less accurate at gaze following when only eye gaze information was available, compared to when eye gaze with head movement was observed. Higher accuracy gaze-following profiles were associated with better early cognition and more adaptive behaviours in children with ASD. Less accurate gaze-following profiles were associated with more severe ASD symptomatology.
CONCLUSION
There are differences in RJA behaviours between ASD and TD preschool children. Several eye-tracking measures of RJA behaviours in preschool children were found to be associated with clinical measures for ASD diagnosis. This study also highlights the construct validity of using eye-tracking measures as potential biomarkers in the assessment and diagnosis of ASD in preschool children.
背景
先前已有研究记录了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童与典型发育（TD）个体在共同注意力行为上的诸多差异。
方法
我们使用眼动追踪技术评估了 77 名 31 至 73 个月大的儿童的共同注意力（RJA）行为。我们进行了重复测量方差分析，以确定组间差异。此外，我们还使用 Spearman 相关分析分析了眼动追踪与临床指标之间的相关性。
结果
与 TD 儿童相比，被诊断为 ASD 的儿童更不容易跟随目光。与观察到眼动加头部运动时相比，当只有眼动信息时，ASD 儿童的目光跟随准确性较低。在 ASD 儿童中，更高的准确目光跟随特征与更好的早期认知和更适应行为相关。不准确的目光跟随特征与更严重的 ASD 症状相关。
结论
ASD 和 TD 学龄前儿童的共同注意力行为存在差异。在学龄前儿童中，几种 RJA 行为的眼动追踪测量指标与 ASD 诊断的临床指标相关。本研究还强调了使用眼动追踪测量作为学龄前儿童 ASD 评估和诊断的潜在生物标志物的结构有效性。
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