Brumboiu Maria I, Iuga Edina, Ivanciuc Andreea, Mutaffof Sergiu, Tudosa Alice S, Gherasimovici Cristina, Iaru Irina
Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Hospital Epidemiology Department, University Infectious Diseases Hospital, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 23;11(3):521. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030521.
The anti-COVID-19 vaccines, developed for use during the pandemic period, must be evaluated for effectiveness in order to coordinate the vaccination program. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the anti-COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) and duration of protection against symptomatic forms of infection among healthcare personnel who were professionally exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A prospective cohort study, which was conducted in a university hospital between January 2021 and April 2022, compared immunologically naïve and previously infected personnel who were vaccinated, revaccinated, or unvaccinated. The VE was measured based on survival rates constructed with the actuarial method, using 30 day intervals. Among the 783 subjects that were included in the study, those that were vaccinated showed a decrease in VE from 90.98% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 74.87-96.77) in the first 30 days to 69.95% (95% CI: 40.29-84.87) at 60 days after vaccination. The VE for revaccinated personnel was 93.27% (95% CI: 77.53-97.99) at 60 days and 86.54% (95% CI: 75.59-92.58) at 90 days after revaccination. For previously infected personnel, protection against reinfection was 94.03% (95% CI: 79.41-98.27) at 420 days and 82.08% (95% CI: 53.93-93.03) at 450 days after revaccination. The highest VE for preventing the symptomatic forms of COVID-19 was observed in the revaccinated, but only for a 3-month duration. Better protection against reinfection was provided by revaccination after passing through infection.
为应对疫情而研发的抗新冠病毒疫苗，必须评估其有效性，以便协调疫苗接种计划。因此，本研究旨在测量专业接触过严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的医护人员中抗新冠病毒疫苗的有效性（VE）以及针对有症状感染形式的保护持续时间。2021年1月至2022年4月在一家大学医院进行的一项前瞻性队列研究，比较了未感染过新冠病毒且接种过疫苗、再次接种疫苗或未接种疫苗的人员，以及之前感染过新冠病毒且接种过疫苗、再次接种疫苗或未接种疫苗的人员。VE是基于用精算方法构建的生存率来测量的，间隔为30天。在纳入研究的783名受试者中，接种疫苗的人员的VE从接种后前30天的90.98%（95%置信区间（CI）：74.87 - 96.77）降至接种后60天的69.95%（95%CI：40.29 - 84.87）。再次接种疫苗的人员在再次接种后60天的VE为93.27%（95%CI：77.53 - 97.99），在90天为86.54%（95%CI：75.59 - 92.58）。对于之前感染过新冠病毒的人员，再次接种疫苗后420天预防再次感染的保护率为94.03%（95%CI：79.41 - 98.27），450天为82.08%（95%CI：53.93 - 93.03）。在再次接种疫苗的人员中观察到预防有症状新冠病毒感染形式的最高VE，但仅持续3个月。感染后再次接种疫苗可提供更好的预防再次感染的保护。
