Cornell University and NBER, United States.
Yonsei University, South Korea.
Econ Hum Biol. 2023 Apr;49:101239. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101239. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
Health is strongly and positively correlated with education, which is one of many reasons to better understand the determinants of education. In this paper, we test for a specific type of family influence on education: genetic nurture. Specifically, we test whether a person's educational attainment is correlated with their sibling's polygenic score (PGS) for education, controlling for their own PGS. Models estimated using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) yield strong evidence of genetic nurture; a two-standard deviation increase in a sibling's genetic predisposition to higher education is associated with a 13.6% point increase in the probability that the respondent has a college degree. Evidence of genetic nurture is robust to alternative measures of educational attainment and different measures of the polygenic score. An exploration of mechanisms suggests that omission of parental PGS explains no more than half of the estimated effect, and that the magnitude of the genetic nurture varies with the characteristics of the sibling.
健康与教育呈强正相关，这也是深入了解教育决定因素的众多原因之一。在本文中，我们检验了一种特定类型的家庭对教育的影响：遗传因素。具体来说，我们检验一个人的受教育程度是否与其兄弟姐妹的教育多基因评分（PGS）相关，同时控制他们自己的 PGS。使用来自国家青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health）的数据估计的模型有力地证明了遗传因素的影响；兄弟姐妹在接受高等教育方面的遗传倾向增加两个标准差，与受访者获得大学学位的概率增加 13.6%相关。遗传因素的影响在不同的教育程度衡量标准和不同的多基因评分衡量标准下都是稳健的。对机制的探索表明，父母 PGS 的遗漏解释不了一半以上的估计影响，而且遗传因素的影响程度随兄弟姐妹的特征而变化。
