Puchol-Martínez Itzal, Vallina Férnandez Óscar, Santed-Germán Miguel A
Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Institute of Public and Occupational Health of Navarre, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
Hospital Sierrallana-Tres Mares, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Santander, Spain.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2023 Sep-Oct;30(5):979-997. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2850. Epub 2023 Mar 30.
Children of parents with mental disorders have a relatively high risk of developing a mental illness or behavioural disorder.
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of preventive psychotherapeutic interventions in children of parents with mental illness. In particular, the development of mental illness and/or psychological symptomatology in this population was assessed.
This qualitative systematic review looked at interventions targeting children aged 4-18 years without a diagnosed mental disorder, alone or with their families, with a parent with a diagnosed mental disorder. The protocol was pre-registered in Open Science Framework. A total of 1255 references were retrieved from MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsycINFO, Springer Link, Science Direct, Scopus and WOS databases, and 12 references from grey literature. This search was replicated by an external reviewer.
Fifteen studies involving 1941 children and 1328 parents were included. Interventions were based on cognitive-behavioural and/or psychoeducational components, including six randomized controlled trials. Internalizing symptomatology was assessed in 80% of the studies, externalizing and prosocial behaviour in 47%, and coping style in 33%. Only two studies measured the future risk of developing a mental disorder (ORs of 2.37 and 6.6). There was variability in the format of the intervention (group; family) as well as in the type of intervention and its duration (from one session to 12 sessions).
Interventions for children of parents with mental disorder were clinically and statistically significant, especially in preventing internalizing symptomatology at one-year follow-up, with effect sizes ranging from d = -0.28 to 0.57 (95% CI).
父母患有精神障碍的儿童患精神疾病或行为障碍的风险相对较高。
本系统评价的目的是评估预防性心理治疗干预措施对父母患有精神疾病的儿童的疗效。特别是，评估了该人群中精神疾病和/或心理症状的发展情况。
本定性系统评价研究了针对4至18岁、未被诊断患有精神障碍的儿童的干预措施，这些儿童单独或与家人一起，其父母被诊断患有精神障碍。该方案已在开放科学框架中预先注册。从MEDLINE、PsychArticles、PsycINFO、Springer Link、Science Direct、Scopus和WOS数据库中检索到1255篇参考文献，从灰色文献中检索到12篇参考文献。此次检索由一名外部评审员重复进行。
纳入了15项研究，涉及1941名儿童和1328名父母。干预措施基于认知行为和/或心理教育成分，包括6项随机对照试验。80%的研究评估了内化症状，47%评估了外化和亲社会行为，33%评估了应对方式。只有两项研究测量了未来患精神障碍的风险（比值比分别为2.37和6.6）。干预形式（小组；家庭）、干预类型及其持续时间（从1次到12次）存在差异。
对父母患有精神障碍的儿童的干预措施在临床和统计学上具有显著意义，尤其是在一年随访时预防内化症状方面，效应大小范围为d = -0.28至0.57（95%CI）。
