Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Parasit Vectors. 2023 Mar 30;16(1):115. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05727-y.
Buffaloes are important contributors to the livestock economy in many countries, particularly in Asia, and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) commonly infect buffaloes, giving rise to serious pathologies other than their zoonotic potential.
The present investigation focuses on the prevalence of TBPs infecting buffaloes worldwide. All published global data on TBPs in buffaloes were collected from different databases (e.g., PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) and subjected to various meta-analyses using OpenMeta[Analyst] software, and all analyses were conducted based on a 95% confidence interval.
Over 100 articles discussing the prevalence and species diversity of TBPs in buffaloes were retrieved. Most of these reports focused on water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), whereas a few reports on TBPs in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) had been published. The pooled global prevalence of the apicomplexan parasites Babesia and Theileria, as well as the bacterial pathogens Anaplasma, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia, Bartonella, and Ehrlichia in addition to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, were all evaluated based on the detection methods and 95% confidence intervals. Interestingly, no Rickettsia spp. were detected in buffaloes with scarce data. TBPs of buffaloes displayed a fairly high species diversity, which underlines the high infection risk to other animals, especially cattle. Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. orientalis, B. occultans and B. naoakii, Theileria annulata, T. orientalis complex (orientalis/sergenti/buffeli), T. parva, T. mutans, T. sinensis, T. velifera, T. lestoquardi-like, T. taurotragi, T. sp. (buffalo) and T. ovis, and Anaplasma marginale, A. centrale, A. platys, A. platys-like and "Candidatus Anaplasma boleense" were all were identified from naturally infected buffaloes.
Several important aspects were highlighted for the status of TBPs, which have serious economic implications for the buffalo as well as cattle industries, particularly in Asian and African countries, which should aid in the development and implementation of prevention and control methods for veterinary care practitioners, and animal owners.
水牛是许多国家（尤其是亚洲国家）畜牧业的重要贡献者，而蜱传病原体（TBPs）通常会感染水牛，除了具有动物传染病的潜在风险外，还会引起严重的疾病。
本研究重点关注全球感染水牛的 TBPs 的流行情况。从不同的数据库（如 PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect 和 Google Scholar）收集了所有已发表的关于水牛 TBPs 的全球数据，并使用 OpenMeta[Analyst]软件进行了各种荟萃分析，所有分析均基于 95%置信区间进行。
检索到 100 多篇讨论水牛中 TBPs 流行率和物种多样性的文章。这些报告大多集中在亚洲水牛（Bubalus bubalis）上，而关于非洲水牛（Syncerus caffer）中 TBPs 的报告则较少。根据检测方法和 95%置信区间，评估了梨形虫属寄生虫巴贝虫和泰勒虫以及细菌病原体阿氏立克次体、考克斯氏体、伯氏疏螺旋体、巴尔通体和埃立克体，此外还有克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒。有趣的是，由于数据稀少，在水牛中未检测到立克次体属。水牛的 TBPs 具有相当高的物种多样性，这突显了其对其他动物（尤其是牛）的高感染风险。牛巴贝斯虫、双芽巴贝斯虫、东方巴贝斯虫、边缘巴贝斯虫和无浆体牛巴贝斯虫、环形泰勒虫、东方/沙氏/布氏泰勒虫复合种、小泰勒虫、突变泰勒虫、中华泰勒虫、velifera 泰勒虫、莱氏泰勒虫样、塔鲁泰勒虫、绵羊泰勒虫以及边缘阿氏立克次体、中央阿氏立克次体、平体阿氏立克次体、平体立克次体样和“候选阿氏立克次体 boleense”均从自然感染的水牛中鉴定出来。
本研究强调了 TBPs 的几个重要方面，这对水牛和牛养殖业具有严重的经济意义，特别是在亚洲和非洲国家，这有助于兽医从业人员和动物所有者制定和实施预防和控制方法。
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