Sehim Amira E, Hewedy Omar A, Altammar Khadijah A, Alhumaidi Maryam S, Abd Elghaffar Rasha Y
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Mar 14;14:1140378. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140378. eCollection 2023.
Plant-associated microbes play crucial roles in plant health and promote growth under stress. Tomato () is one of the strategic crops grown throughout Egypt and is a widely grown vegetable worldwide. However, plant disease severely affects tomato production. The post-harvest disease ( wilt disease) affects food security globally, especially in the tomato fields. Thus, an alternative effective and economical biological treatment to the disease was recently established using . However, the role of rhizosphere microbiota in the resistance of tomato plants against soil-borne wilt disease (FWD) remains unclear. In the current study, a dual culture assay of against various phytopathogens (e.g., , , , , and ) was performed . Interestingly, exhibited the highest mycelial inhibition rate (53.24%) against . In addition, 30% free cell filtrate of inhibited by 59.39%. Various underlying mechanisms were studied to explore the antifungal activity against . , such as chitinase activity, analysis of bioactive compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and assessment of fungal secondary metabolites against mycotoxins in tomato fruits. Additionally, the plant growth-promoting traits of were studied (e.g., IAA production, Phosphate solubilization), and the impact on tomato seeds germination. Scanning electron microscopy, plant root sections, and confocal microscopy were used to show the mobility of the fungal endophyte activity to promote tomato root growth compared with untreated tomato root. enhanced the growth of tomato seeds and controlled the wilt disease caused by the phytopathogen by enhancing the number of leaves as well as shoot and root length (cm) and fresh and dry weights (g). Furthermore, extract protects tomato fruits from post-harvest infection by . Taking together, represents a safe and effective controlling agent against infection of tomato plants.
与植物相关的微生物在植物健康中发挥着关键作用，并在胁迫条件下促进植物生长。番茄（）是埃及种植的重要战略作物之一，也是全球广泛种植的蔬菜。然而，植物病害严重影响番茄产量。采后病害（枯萎病）在全球范围内影响粮食安全，尤其是在番茄种植领域。因此，最近利用建立了一种针对该病害的替代有效且经济的生物处理方法。然而，根际微生物群在番茄植株抵抗土传枯萎病（FWD）中的作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，对进行了针对各种植物病原体（如、、、和）的共培养试验。有趣的是，对表现出最高的菌丝抑制率（53.24%）。此外，30%的游离细胞滤液对的抑制率为59.39%。研究了各种潜在机制以探索其对的抗真菌活性。，如几丁质酶活性、通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分析生物活性化合物以及评估真菌次生代谢产物对番茄果实中霉菌毒素的影响。此外，还研究了的植物促生特性（如吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸（IAA）产生、磷溶解）以及对番茄种子萌发的影响。使用扫描电子显微镜、植物根段和共聚焦显微镜来显示与未处理的番茄根相比，真菌内生菌活性促进番茄根生长的迁移情况。增强了番茄种子的生长，并通过增加叶片数量以及茎和根的长度（厘米）和鲜重与干重（克）来控制由植物病原体引起的枯萎病。此外，提取物可保护番茄果实免受采后感染。综上所述，代表了一种安全有效的控制番茄植株感染的药剂。
