基于配方的制剂可以控制由 f. sp.引起的鹰嘴豆（L.）萎蔫病，当作为联合体接种时效果更好：田间盆栽试验的结果。

based formulations control the wilt disease of chickpea ( L.) caused by f. sp. , better when inoculated as consortia: findings from pot experiments under field conditions.

机构信息

Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.

Crop Diseases Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2024 Aug 19;12:e17835. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17835. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.7717/peerj.17835

PMID:39175747

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11340631/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Commercial/chemical pesticides are available to control wilt of chickpea, but these antifungals have numerous environmental and human health hazards. Amongst various organic alternatives, use of antagonistic fungi like , is the most promising option. Although, spp. are known to control wilt in chickpea but there are no reports that indicate the biocontrol efficacy of indigenous spp. against the local pathogen, in relation to environmental conditions.

METHODS

In the present study, biological control activity of species formulations , (strain 1), and (strain 2), either singly or in the form of consortia, was investigated against f. sp. , the cause of wilt in chickpea, in multiyear pot trials under open field conditions. The antagonistic effect of spp. was first evaluated in dual culture experiments. Then the effects of as well as , were investigated on the morphological parameters, disease incidence (DI), and disease severity (DS) of chickpea plants grown in pots.

RESULTS

In dual culture experiments, all the species effectively reduced the mycelial growth of . , (strain 1), and (strain 2) declined the mycelial growth of by 37.6%, 40%, and 42%. In open field pot trials, the infestation of in chickpea plants significantly reduced the morphological growth of chickpea. However, the application of , (strain 1), and (strain 2), either singly or in the form of consortia, significantly overcome the deleterious effects of the pathogen, thereby resulted in lower DI (22.2% and 11.1%) and DS (86% and 92%), and ultimately improved the shoot length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight by 69% and 72%, 67% and 73%, 68% and 75%, during the years 1 and 2, respectively, in comparison with infested control. The present study concludes the usefulness and efficacy of species in controlling wilt disease of chickpea plants under variable weather conditions.

摘要

背景

商业/化学农药可用于防治鹰嘴豆枯萎病，但这些杀菌剂存在许多环境和人类健康危害。在各种有机替代品中，使用拮抗菌如，是最有前途的选择。虽然 spp. 已知可控制鹰嘴豆枯萎病，但尚无报道表明本土 spp. 对当地病原体具有生物防治效果，特别是与环境条件有关。

方法

在本研究中，在田间大田条件下的多年盆栽试验中，分别单独或作为联合体形式，研究了种制剂、（菌株 1）和（菌株 2）对引起鹰嘴豆枯萎病的 f. sp. 的生物防治活性。首先在双培养实验中评估了 spp. 的拮抗作用。然后研究了和对盆栽鹰嘴豆植株形态参数、发病率（DI）和病情严重度（DS）的影响。

结果

在双培养实验中，所有种都能有效抑制的菌丝生长。、（菌株 1）和（菌株 2）分别使的菌丝生长减少了 37.6%、40%和 42%。在田间盆栽试验中，在鹰嘴豆植株上的侵染显著降低了鹰嘴豆的形态生长。然而，单独或作为联合体形式应用、（菌株 1）和（菌株 2），显著克服了病原菌的有害影响，从而使发病率（22.2%和 11.1%）和病情严重度（86%和 92%）降低，最终使株高、地上鲜重和地上干重分别在第 1 年和第 2 年提高了 69%和 72%、67%和 73%、68%和 75%，与感染对照相比。本研究结论认为，在不同天气条件下，种在控制鹰嘴豆枯萎病方面具有有效性和功效。