Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May;118:109998. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109998. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a pathogen associated with an acute respiratory infection that has a high mortality rate in humans. It was first identified in June of 2012 in the Arabian Peninsula. The success of the COVID-19 vaccines has shown that it is possible to take advantage of medical and scientific advances to produce safe and effective vaccines for coronaviruses. This study aimed to examine the safety and immunogenicity of MERS-CoV vaccines.
The research method Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used as the guideline for this study. RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of the included studies. The safety was assessed by recording adverse events following vaccination, and the immunogenicity was assessed by using seroconversion.
The study included five randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria after screening. The studies had 173 participants and were performed in four countries. The vaccines examined were the ChAdOx1 MERS vaccine, MVA-MERS-S vaccine, and GLS-5300 DNA MERS-CoV vaccine. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences in local adverse effects (all local adverse effects and pain) or systemic adverse effects (all systemic adverse effects, fatigue, and headache) among participants in groups receiving a high-dose vaccine or a low-dose vaccine. There were, however, higher levels of seroconversion in high-dose groups than in low-dose groups (OR 0.16 [CI 0.06, 0.42, p = 0.0002]).
The findings showed that high doses of current MERS-CoV vaccine candidates conferred better immunogenicity than low doses and that there were no differences in the safety of the vaccines.
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）是一种与急性呼吸道感染相关的病原体，在人类中死亡率较高。它于 2012 年 6 月首次在阿拉伯半岛被发现。COVID-19 疫苗的成功表明，利用医学和科学进步为冠状病毒生产安全有效的疫苗是可行的。本研究旨在评估 MERS-CoV 疫苗的安全性和免疫原性。
本研究采用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）作为研究指南。RevMan 5.4 软件用于对纳入研究进行荟萃分析。通过记录接种后的不良事件来评估安全性，通过血清转化率来评估免疫原性。
本研究纳入了五项符合纳入标准的随机对照试验。这些研究共有 173 名参与者，在四个国家进行。所检查的疫苗是 ChAdOx1 MERS 疫苗、MVA-MERS-S 疫苗和 GLS-5300 DNA MERS-CoV 疫苗。荟萃分析显示，高剂量组和低剂量组在局部不良反应（所有局部不良反应和疼痛）或全身不良反应（所有全身不良反应、疲劳和头痛）方面无显著差异。然而，高剂量组的血清转化率高于低剂量组（OR 0.16 [CI 0.06, 0.42, p = 0.0002]）。
研究结果表明，当前 MERS-CoV 疫苗候选物的高剂量组比低剂量组具有更好的免疫原性，且疫苗安全性无差异。
