Yang Chun-Kun, Pan Qing-Quan, Tian Zhuang, DU Yan-Jun, Sun Feng-Qin, Lu Jin, Li Jun
Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China.
Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Weifang 261041, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2023 Mar;48(5):1176-1185. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221102.707.
Salvianolic acid B(Sal B) is the main water-soluble component of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Studies have found that Sal B has a good protective effect on blood vessels. Sal B can protect endothelial cells by anti-oxidative stress, inducing autophagy, inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS), inhibiting endothelial inflammation and adhesion molecule expression, inhibiting endothelial cell permeability, anti-thrombosis, and other ways. In addition, Sal B can alleviate endothelial cell damage caused by high glucose(HG). For vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC), Sal B can reduce the synthesis and secretion of inflammatory factors by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. It can also play a vasodilatory role by inhibiting Ca~(2+) influx. In addition, Sal B can inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration, thereby alleviating vascular stenosis. Sal B also inhibits lipid deposition in the subendothelium, inhibits macrophage conversion to foam cells, and reduces macrophage apoptosis, thereby reducing the volume of subendothelial lipid plaques. For some atherosclerosis(AS) complications, such as peripheral artery disease(PAD), Sal B can promote angiogenesis, thereby improving ischemia. It should be pointed out that the conclusions obtained from different experiments are not completely consistent, which needs further research. In addition, previous pharmacokinetics showed that Sal B was poorly absorbed by oral administration, and it was unstable in the stomach, with a large first-pass effect in the liver. Sal B had fast distribution and metabolism in vivo and short drug action time. These affect the bioavailability and biological effects of Sal B, and the development of clinically valuable Sal B non-injectable delivery systems remains a great challenge.
丹酚酸B（Sal B）是丹参的主要水溶性成分。研究发现，Sal B对血管具有良好的保护作用。Sal B可通过抗氧化应激、诱导自噬、抑制内质网应激（ERS）、抑制内皮炎症和黏附分子表达、抑制内皮细胞通透性、抗血栓形成等方式保护内皮细胞。此外，Sal B可减轻高糖（HG）引起的内皮细胞损伤。对于血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC），Sal B可通过抑制环氧化酶减少炎症因子的合成和分泌。它还可通过抑制Ca~(2+)内流发挥血管舒张作用。此外，Sal B可抑制VSMC增殖和迁移，从而减轻血管狭窄。Sal B还可抑制内皮下脂质沉积，抑制巨噬细胞转化为泡沫细胞，并减少巨噬细胞凋亡，从而减小内皮下脂质斑块的体积。对于一些动脉粥样硬化（AS）并发症，如外周动脉疾病（PAD），Sal B可促进血管生成，从而改善缺血状况。需要指出的是，不同实验得出的结论并不完全一致，这需要进一步研究。此外，以往的药代动力学研究表明，Sal B口服吸收较差，在胃中不稳定，在肝脏中首过效应较大。Sal B在体内分布和代谢迅速，药物作用时间短。这些因素影响了Sal B的生物利用度和生物学效应，开发具有临床价值的Sal B非注射给药系统仍然是一个巨大的挑战。
