Department of Periodontics, ITS Dental College and Hospital, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Dentistry, GIMS, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2022 Oct-Dec;33(4):397-401. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_351_22.
Smokeless tobacco (SLT) has been consumed in India since times immemorial. It is the need of an hour to emphasise about awareness and harmful effects of SLT in relation to periodontium.
The aim of the study was to access the prevalence of periodontitis and its association with SLT amongst the adult population of Greater Noida, India. Settings and Design: Hospital-based study and cross-sectional design.
This cross-sectional study included 512 SLT subjects between the ages of 18 and 79 years. The study was carried out from December 2019 to January 2022. A self-designed questionnaire was used for recording demographic details, forms of SLT, frequency, duration of use, and sites of retention of SLT products. The clinical periodontal parameters such as periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded in a given point of time.
Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.
The prevalence of periodontitis among SLT was 81.6% with the highest occurrence of Stage III Periodontitis (35.4%). The use of SLT for ≥10 years [odds ratio (OR) = 3.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.86-6.27] showed threefold the risk for periodontitis compared to others who consumed SLT for 4-5 years. Gutkha consumers [OR = 2.56 (95% CI = 0.75-3.48)] were 2.56 times more prone to have periodontitis as compared to other forms of SLT.
Periodontitis is positively associated with SLT use. Awareness, timely intervention, and periodic screening in the SLT users will help to prevent the progression of periodontitis.
自远古以来，印度就一直有消费无烟烟草（SLT）的习惯。现在迫切需要强调 SLT 对牙周组织的危害和相关意识。
本研究旨在评估印度大诺伊达地区成年人牙周炎的流行情况及其与 SLT 的关系。
基于医院的研究和横断面设计。
本横断面研究纳入了 512 名年龄在 18 岁至 79 岁之间的 SLT 使用者。研究于 2019 年 12 月至 2022 年 1 月进行。使用自行设计的问卷记录人口统计学资料、SLT 形式、使用频率、使用时间长短和 SLT 制品的保留部位。在特定时间记录牙周临床参数，如牙周袋深度（PPD）和临床附着水平（CAL）。
卡方检验和逻辑回归分析。
SLT 使用者中牙周炎的患病率为 81.6%，其中 III 期牙周炎的发生率最高（35.4%）。与其他 SLT 使用者相比，使用 SLT 时间≥10 年（OR = 3.05，95%CI 1.86-6.27）的患者患牙周炎的风险增加了三倍。与其他 SLT 形式相比，咀嚼古特卡（OR = 2.56，95%CI = 0.75-3.48）的患者患牙周炎的风险增加了 2.56 倍。
牙周炎与 SLT 使用呈正相关。对 SLT 使用者进行意识教育、及时干预和定期筛查，有助于预防牙周炎的进展。
