Anand Pradeep S, Mishra Supriya, Nagle Deepti, Kamath Namitha P, Kamath Kavitha P, Anil Sukumaran
Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad 500038, India.
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Raipur 492001, India.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 17;9(6):744. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060744.
Findings of studies testing the association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontal health have shown varying results in different populations. Considering the high prevalence of SLT use in India, the present study was conducted to understand the pattern of periodontal destruction within different areas of the dentition among SLT users.
Age, gender, oral hygiene habits, the frequency and duration of SLT consumption, the type of SLT product used, and the site of retention of the SLT product in the oral cavity were recorded among 90 SLT users. Probing depth (PD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at SLT-associated and non SLT-associated teeth of the mandibular arch were compared based on the site of retention of the SLT product, the type of product used, and the duration of the habit.
REC and CAL were significantly higher at the SLT-associated zones compared to non SLT-associated zones and at both interproximal and mid-buccal sites of SLT-associated teeth. Among individuals who had the habit for more than 5 years and also among those who had the habit for 5-10 years, PD, REC, and CAL were significantly higher at SLT-associated teeth than at non SLT-associated teeth. Significantly greater periodontal destruction was observed at SLT-associated teeth among khaini users and gutkha users.
Smokeless tobacco consumption resulted in greater destruction of periodontal tissues. The severity of periodontal destruction at SLT-associated sites differed depending on the type of smokeless tobacco used, the site of retention of the SLT, and the duration of the habit.
关于无烟烟草（SLT）使用与牙周健康之间关联的研究结果在不同人群中呈现出不同的结果。鉴于印度无烟烟草使用的高流行率，开展本研究以了解无烟烟草使用者牙列不同区域内的牙周破坏模式。
记录了90名无烟烟草使用者的年龄、性别、口腔卫生习惯、无烟烟草消费的频率和持续时间、使用的无烟烟草产品类型以及无烟烟草产品在口腔中的留存部位。基于无烟烟草产品的留存部位、使用的产品类型以及习惯的持续时间，比较下颌牙弓中与无烟烟草相关和与无烟烟草无关牙齿的探诊深度（PD）、牙龈退缩（REC）和临床附着丧失（CAL）。
与无烟烟草无关的区域相比，与无烟烟草相关的区域以及与无烟烟草相关牙齿的邻面和颊面中部位点的REC和CAL显著更高。在有超过5年习惯的个体以及有5至10年习惯的个体中，与无烟烟草相关牙齿的PD、REC和CAL显著高于与无烟烟草无关的牙齿。在嚼烟使用者和古特卡使用者中，观察到与无烟烟草相关牙齿的牙周破坏明显更大。
无烟烟草消费导致牙周组织的更大破坏。与无烟烟草相关部位的牙周破坏严重程度因使用的无烟烟草类型、无烟烟草的留存部位以及习惯的持续时间而异。
